Vasiljovo 1

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1 (a) [0:00] Shall I talk first of all, first of all, when we were

nàj

most

най

napr’èt

before adv

напред

hes

comp

say 1sg pres P

interr clt

most

before adv

hes

when rel

1pl impf cop

2 (a) [0:04] still young girls – because I wasn’t married yet when the war –

girl pl n

still adv

because

nom 1sg

neg

1sg impf cop

marry sg f P.part I

when rel

for

war sg f def

3 (a) [0:08] When the war – when the war began. That was in [19]12.

disc

when rel

become 3sg aor P

war sg f def

disc

3sg impf cop

twelfth sg f def adj

year f sg

4 (a) [0:13] The Bulgarians and the Serbs and the Greeks fought – they defeated the Turks

beat 3pl aor I

acc refl clt

Bulgarian pl m def

and

Serb pl m def

and

Greek pl m def

beat 3pl aor I

Turk m def pl

5 (a) [0:18] on the Turkish border, that’s where they beat them. Eh – that was the war.

Turkish sg f def adj

border sg f

there adv

acc 3pl clt

beat 3pl aor I

disc

and

acc refl clt

lead 3sg aor I

war sg f def

6 (a) [0:24] It didn’t last long. And they, since they are – I don’t know.

neg

lead 3sg aor I

acc refl clt

much adv

and

nom 3pl

already adv

when conj

3pl pres cop clt

neg

know 1sg pres I

7 (a) [0:27] [But] there was [this] song that they were singing. [It was] because of the war.

disc

impf exist

song sg f

and

acc f 3sg clt

sing 3pl impf I

because.of

war sg f def

8 (a) [0:32] I don’t remember who their commander was,

because

but

neg

remember 1sg pres I

how interr

3sg impf cop

there adv

hes

commander sg m

dat 3pl clt

9 (a) [0:36] the one who said to them [in the song]

rel

dat 3pl clt

call sg m L.part I

10 (a) [0:38] “Stand up, brothers, stand up, and open fire!

stand pl imv I

brother pl m

stand pl imv I

and

open pl imv I

fire sg m

11 (a) [0:40] If God has ordained it, we shall soon take Edirne,

if conj

3sg pres aux clt

God sg m

say sg m L.part P

soon adv

Edirne sg m place

fut

take 1pl pres P

12 (a) [0:44] and we shall enter Istanbul.

and

Istanbul sg m place

fut

enter 1pl pres P

13 (a) [0:47] We shall catch Osman Pasha,

Osman sg m name

pasha sg m

fut

catch 1pl pres P

14 (a) [0:49] We shall take him to Sofia,

Sofia sg f place

fut

acc m 3sg clt

drive 1pl pres P

15 (a) [0:51] [and] we will make coffee for him.”

coffee sg n

comp

dat m 3sg clt

make 1pl pres P

16 (a) [0:52] That was the song – [the one] they’d sung because of the war.

this sg n adj

3sg impf cop

hes

song sg f def

3pl impf aux

sing pl L.part P

because.of

war sg f def

17 (a) [0:57] And then – didn’t they fight again?

and

after adv

again adv

hes

hes

interr

acc refl clt

beat 3pl aor I

again adv

18 (a) [1:02] Shall I tell you about how we carried on,

comp

dat 2sg clt

say 1sg pres P

about

[...]

hes

how interr

1pl pres aux clt

manage pl L.part I

19 (a) [1:05] or – or about the other war?

about

other sg f def adj

war sg f

20 (VZh) [About the other war.]

[…]

21 (a) [1:09] Well, at that time we weren’t – we weren’t grown [yet].

disc

hes

and

nom 1pl

1pl impf cop

then adv

neg

1pl impf cop

big pl adj

22 (a) [1:11] We had a brother, his name was Gacho. He perished in Dobruja,

have 1pl impf I

brother sg m

nom m 3sg

acc refl clt

say 3sg impf I

Gacho sg m name

nom m 3sg

perish 3sg aor P

Dobruja sg f place

23 (a) [1:14] in the war when they were fighting to drive out the Soviet Union.

war sg f def

when rel

acc refl clt

beat 3pl aor I

again adv

hes

comp

chase 3pl pres I

hes

Soviet sg m def adj

union sg m

24 (a) [1:18] Weren’t they chasing – those Germans were – and the Bulgarians,

interr

chase 3pl aor I

disc

disc

German pl m def

3pl impf cop

and

Bulgarian pl m def

25 (a) [1:22] weren’t they in alliance?

interr

3pl impf cop

union sg m

26 (VZh) [What did you do when you were girls?]

[…]

27 (a) [1:23] [Ah, should I talk] about young girls now? Ah, girls. We were girls

now adv

about

girl pl n def

interr clt

about

girl pl n def

nom 1pl

1pl impf cop

girl pl n

28 (a) [1:29] and we’d get together for a work bee. We’d get together at the work bee,

and

acc refl clt

gather 1pl impf I

work.bee sg f

disc

[...]

acc refl clt

gather 1pl pres I

work.bee sg f

29 (a) [1:32] boys and girls would get together, we sit and do our work.

gather 1pl pres I

acc refl clt

boy pl n

girl pl n

sit 1pl pres I

hes

work 1pl pres I

dat refl clt

30 (a) [1:37] The girls and the boys sit, and then they get up when the bagpipe starts playing.

girl pl n def

boy pl n def

sit 3pl pres I

again adv

arise 3pl pres P

when conj

play 3pl pres P

with

bagpipe sg f

31 (a) [1:41] The bagpipe plays, we get up and we dance. And then the work bee breaks up,

play 3sg pres I

with

bagpipe sg f

arise 1pl pres P

dance 1pl pres I

and

acc refl clt

се

razvalì

break.apart 3sg pres P

разваля

sed’ànkata

work.bee sg f def

седянка

32 (a) [1:48] they all get up and everyone goes home. Even if

and

nom 3pl

dat refl clt

arise 3sg pres P

each sg m

and

dat refl clt

go 3sg pres P

acc 3pl

even adv

and

33 (a) [1:50] we sit and sit – when we get hungry, that was how we were.

comp

sit 1pl pres I

sit 1pl pres I

again adv

when conj

get.hungry 1pl pres P

thus adv

3sg impf cop

dat 1pl clt

character sg m def

34 (a) [1:53] And my mother – and then we start – Everyone [at the work bee] is hungry. We get up,

è

disc

and

my sg f def adj

mother f sg

and

take 1pl pres P

hes

nom 3pl

get.hungry pl L.part P

огладнея

stànem

arise 1pl pres P

стана

35 (a) [1:58] and make polenta. They called it “mamaliga”, the Germ-

boil 1pl pres I

polenta sg m

nom 3pl

dat m 3sg clt

call 3pl impf I

polenta sg f

[…]

this sg n adj

36 (a) [2:01] Those guys called that “mamaliga”.

that pl adj

dat m 3sg clt

call 3pl impf I

polenta sg f

this sg n adj

37 (VZh) [Weren’t they Romanians?]

[ ... ]

38 (a) [2:04] We pour out milk, white cheese – we’ve got livestock, we raise livestock –

and

pour 1pl pres P

milk sg n

cheese sg n

and

have 1pl pres

livestock sg m

keep 1pl pres I

look 1pl pres I

livestock sg m

39 (a) [2:08] We eat our fill, [then] they get up and go home. And when Christmas came,

eat.up 1pl pres P

acc refl clt

arise 3pl pres P

and

dat refl clt

go 3pl pres P

disc

when conj

come 3sg impf P

Christmas sg f

40 (a) [2:13] we make “kravay” (ring-shaped buns). They kneaded bread dough

knead 1pl pres I

and

kravay pl m

knead 3pl pres I

kravay sg m

bread sg m

dough sg n

knead pl L.part P

41 (a) [2:20] and we make “kravay” and they take it to [their] mothers and fathers.

knead 1pl pres I

kravay sg

and

acc m 3sg clt

carry 3pl pres I

father sg m def

and

mother sg f def

42 (a) [2:24] Whatever anyone [makes] they give to [their] mother and father.

who sg m rel adj

already adv

what sg n rel

give 3sg pres P

mother f sg

dat 1sg clt

father sg m

dat 1sg clt

43 (a) [2:29] They give it along with the “kravay”, to their mother and their father.

fut

dat 3pl clt

give 3sg pres P

with

kravay sg m

mother sg f def

and

father sg m def

44 (a) [2:31] Then comes St Basil’s day, and when that comes – when St. Basil’s day comes

disc

fut

come 3sg pres P

Basil sg m name

and

when inter.rel

come 3sg pres P

when conj

come 3sg pres P

Basil sg m name

45 (a) [2:35] there was [the custom] that children go out as “survakar” (New Year’s well-wisher)

impf exist

hes

disc

child pl n

go 3pl pres I

and

wish.new.year 3pl pres I

сурвакам

46 (a) [2:38] and we girls would get together and sing [songs of enchantment] over our rings,

and

nom 1pl

girl pl n

acc refl clt

gather 1pl impf I

and

and

sing 1pl pres I

ring pl m def

47 (a) [2:44] We came to “sing” over the rings here at the river, [which]

here adv

river sg f def

1pl pres aux clt

acc refl clt

take pl L.part P

and

acc 3pl clt

sing 1pl pres I

48 (a) [2:47] is [at this point] ice. So the boys and girls got together,

and

disc

hes

ice sg m

disc

gather pl L.part P

3pl pres aux clt

acc refl clt

girl pl n

and

boy pl n

49 (a) [2:51] and we – they take a tin-plated kettle [that] they’ve poured water into,

and

nom 1pl

take 3pl pres P

white sg n adj

cauldron sg n

and

pour pl L.part P

inside adv

water sg f

50 (a) [2:55] and put it on the ice, and under the kettle – there’s oats under the kettle.

and

put 3pl pres P

ice sg m def

under

cauldron sg n def

hes

oats sg m

under

cauldron sg n def

51 (a) [3:01] And, you know, we all have little rings on our hands. Rings.

and

interr

have 1pl pres I

all adv

ring pl n def

hand pl f def

ring pl m

52 (a) [3:04] So each one drops her rings into the water, and we sing over them.

disc

each sg m adj

dat refl clt

drop 3sg pres P

ring sg m def

inside adv

water sg f def

and

sing 1pl pres I

acc 3pl clt

53 (a) [3:10] We finish the songs and they take – on the night before St. Basil’s Day –

and

sing 1pl pres P

song pl f def

and

collect 3pl pres I

this sg n adj

against

Basil sg m name

54 (a) [3:15] they take the kettle. [So,] early in the morning on St. Basils’ day we'll come

and

pick.up 3pl pres P

cauldron sg n def

Basil sg m name

morning sg f def

fut

dat refl clt

come 1pl pres P

55 (a) [3:17] early again to sing. We come to sing here at the river

again adv

early adv

comp

sing 1pl pres I

come 1pl pres P

and

sing 1pl pres I

here adv

river sg f def

56 (a) [3:21] and take out the rings to identify the rings [so as to learn]

and

extract 3pl pres I

hes

ring pl m def

and

comp

acc 3pl clt

foretell 3pl pres I

ring pl m def

57 (a) [3:25] what fortune will come to whoever [owns each ring]. Some will have a healthy year,

who dat m interr

what sg n interr

fut

acc refl clt

fall 3sg pres P

one pl adj

acc refl clt

fall 3sg pres P

[…]

healthy sg f adj

year sg f

58 (a) [3:30] others will have – if it’s bent like a “kravay” [it means] guests are coming.

other pl adj

fall 3sg pres P

acc refl clt

bend sg m P.part P

kravay sg m

guest sg m

acc 2sg clt

wait 3sg pres I

disc

this sg n adj

59 (a) [3:36] That is, guests, and maybe even matchmakers, are coming. Another [fortune]

guest sg m

hes

guest sg m

acc 2sg clt

wait 3sg pres I

matchmaker pl m

wait 3pl pres I

disc

second sg m def adj

again adv

60 (a) [3:41] was – there was a haystack by the road and someone goes by [and]

hes

3sg impf cop

impf exist

stack sg f

hay sg n

road sg m def

who sg m rel adj

pass 3sg pres P

61 (a) [3:46] pulls some out [to read her fortune]. And another and another. And again they tell fortunes

pluck 3sg pres P

dat refl clt

nom f 3sg

again adv

other sg f def adj

again adv

hes

and

again adv

acc n 3sg clt

foretell 3pl pres I

62 (a) [3:50] from that one, but I don’t remember anymore how they interpreted that one. Damn it.

again adv

that sg n adj

already adv

neg

remember 1sg pres I

how interr

acc n 3sg clt

call 3pl impf I

damned sg n adj

63 (a) [3:52] I’ve forgotten how they used to interpret that one. I’ve forgotten it, I don’t remember.

forget sg f L.part P

1sg pres aux clt

how interr

acc n 3sg clt

call 3pl impf I

forget sg f L.part P

1sg pres aux clt

acc n 3sg clt

neg

remember 1sg pres I

64 (a) [3:58] I’m not able to tell you how they interpreted that one.

neg

can 1sg pres

dat 2sg clt

acc n 3sg clt

say 1sg pres P

that sg n adj

how interr

acc n 3sg clt

call 3pl impf I

65 (a) [3:59] You see, we repeat them, [unintelligible], and repeat them again.

hort

see sg imv P

again adv

acc 3pl clt

repeat 1pl pres P

acc 3pl clt

again adv

repeat 1pl pres P

66 (a) [4:01] That’s how we observed St. Basil’s day. And then will come St John’s day. The boys

thus adv

meet 1pl pres I

Basil sg m name

disc

fut

come 3sg pres P

and

St.John's Day sg m

boy pl n

67 (a) [4:09] who are here ride horseback. They run them at a gallop on St. John’s day.

who pl m rel

3pl pres cop clt

here adv

boy pl n def

ride 3pl pres I

horse pl m def

race 3pl pres I

acc 3pl clt

St.John's Day sg m

68 (a) [4:16] They ride horse at full gallop. Then comes Shrovetide, and we start to fast.

ride 3pl pres I

horse pl m

and

race 3pl pres I

acc 3pl clt

fut

come 3sg pres P

Shrovetide pl.t

comp

fast 1pl pres P

already adv

69 (a) [4:23] for the “great fast” (Lent). We make banitsa and get together.

and

for

great sg m def adj

fast sg m

make 1pl pres P

dat refl clt

banitsa pl f

gather 1pl pres P

acc refl clt

70 (a) [4:28] Every two houses get together in one place to observe the fast [together].

hes

two f

house pl f

acc refl clt

gather 1pl pres P

one sg n adj

place sg n

comp

dat refl clt

fast 1pl pres P

71 (a) [4:32] They bought – some buy white halva. So we make [different kinds of] banitsa

buy pl L.part P

3pl pres aux clt

one pl adj

buy 3pl pres P

halva sg f

from

white sg f def adj

halva sg f

hes

make 1pl pres P

banitsa pl f

72 (a) [4:39] We’ve cooked up everything. And we hang up a big lump of white cheese –

cook pl L.part P

1pl pres aux clt

dat refl clt

everything sg n adj

and

suspend 1pl pres P

and

cheese sg n

lump sg f

cheese sg n

big sg f adj

73 (a) [4:45] we tie it on a string and hang it on the beams

tie 1pl pres P

acc f 3sg clt

with

string sg m

and

acc f 3sg clt

suspend 1pl pres P

beam pl f def

74 (a) [4:50] Then we let it down low, and after we’ve had our fill of eating, everyone runs

and

acc f 3sg clt

drop 1pl pres P

thus adv

low adv

and

since

acc refl clt

eat.up 1pl pres P

each m 3sg adj

comp

run 3sg pres I

75 (a) [4:53] to take a bit of it. Jump! They make it swing from here to there, here to there,

and

comp

bite 3sg pres I

excl

swing 3pl pres I

ost

thus adv

to.here adv

to.there adv

to.here adv

to.there adv

76 (a) [4:57] They make it swing, and everyone runs to take a bite. [laughter] Well, such things –

swing 3pl pres I

and

each sg m adj

go 3sg pres P

bite 3sg pres I

disc

such sg f adj

3sg impf cop

dat 1sg clt

77 (a) [5:01] That’s our custom. Everyone did this, they made it sway

this sg n adj

hes

custom sg m def

all pl def adj

thus adv

do 3pl impf I

and

acc m 3sg clt

той

l’ùškat

swing 3pl pres I

люшкам

and

78 (a) [5:08] and we [all] laughed. Some would fall down, would [manage] to cut [a piece] off,

disc

and

nom 1pl

laughter sg m

[…]

one pl adj

fall 3pl pres P

cut.off 3pl pres P

79 (a) [5:11] others wouldn’t be able to cut it off. We made [it into] a great party. And that lump –

other pl adj

neg

can pres imprs

cut.off 3pl pres P

party sg m

make 1pl impf I

and

this sg f adj

hes

lump sg f

80 (a) [5:17] they’ll leave it there. They had (= used) it as a sort of medicine.

fut

acc f 3sg clt

leave 3pl pres I

already adv

this pl adj

have 3pl impf I

for

remedy sg m

interr clt

have 3pl impf I

81 (a) [5:21] They left it [for] when – we have livestock, and when some young person has diarrhea

leave 3pl impf P

when inter.rel

[…]

have 1pl pres I

livestock sg m

and

some sg n adj

youth sg n

comp

have.diarrhea 3sg pres P

продрищя

82 (a) [5:26] we cut off a piece of that cheese and bind it on him in order to –

comp

tear 1pl pres I

from

hes

cheese sg n def

comp

acc n 3sg clt

wrap 1pl pres P

and

comp

83 (a) [5:29] to stop whatever it is that drives the young person outside [to the outhouse].

comp

dat m 3sg clt

acc refl clt

stop 3sg pres P

this sg n adj

rel

acc m 3sg clt

chase 3sg pres I

outside adv

youth sg n def

84 (a) [5:33] That’s how we observed [Lent]. For Easter, we’d make eggs, and they make “kravay” again,

thus adv

acc m 3sg clt

experience 1pl pres I

for

Easter sg m

and

make 1pl impf I

and

egg pl n

again adv

kravay pl m

knead 3pl impf I

85 (a) [5:38] Then comes St. Peter’s day. We have here a cross [dedicated to] St. Peter.

come 3sg pres P

St.Peter's.Day sg m

nom 1pl

have 1pl pres I

here adv

cross sg m

saint sg m adj

Peter sg m name

86 (a) [5:44] We’ll slaughter a lamb. The priest will come and consecrate the water for –

fut

slaughter 1pl pres P

lamb sg n

fut

come 3sg pres P

priest sg m def

fut

consecrate 3sg pres P

water sg f

for

87 (a) [5:50] [It’s in a] tin-plated kettle. He blesses the water, reads [a prayer there, and then we all go off

white sg m adj

cauldron sg m

consecrate 3sg pres P

water sg f

read 3sg pres I

there adv

and

each sg m adj

and

fut

embark 1pl pres P

88 (a) [5:57] After the prayer, everyone goes up to the priest and he sprinkles them

hes

when conj

read 3sg pres P

each sg m adj

go 3sg pres I

priest sg m def

nom m 3sg

acc m 3sg clt

sprinkle 3sg pres I

89 (a) [6:00] with a bouquet. He’s made a bouquet of wild geranium and basil, shaped in a cross.

with

bouquet sg f def

make sg m L.part P

bouquet sg f

wild.geranium sg m

and

basil sg m

cross-like sg m adj

basil sg m

90 (a) [6:03] He puts it there, taps it so that it sprinkles.

and

put 3sg pres P

acc m 3sg clt

here adv

knock 3sg pres P

acc m 3sg clt

thus adv

and

acc m 3sg clt

sprinkle 3sg pres P

91 (a) [6:07] You give him some money and kiss his hand, and he goes off.

and

dat refl clt

drop 2sg pres P

money pl.t def

and

dat m 3sg clt

kiss 2sg pres I

hand sg f

and

dat refl clt

си

zamìne

depart 3sg pres P

замина

92 (a) [6:09] And that’s what we did. For St. Elias day it was the same thing all over again.

thus adv

do 1pl impf I

saint sg m adj

Elias sg m name

again adv

same sg n def adj

3sg impf cop

93 (a) [6:12] And that’s how it was in the old days.

and

thus adv

1pl pres aux clt

experience pl L.part I

прекарвам

n’àkogi

formerly adv

някога

94 (VZh) [Did you have a lot of corn here?]

[ ... ]

95 (a) [6:14] Well, you know, people don’t have enough to give [for the government’s quota].

interr

pres neg exist

pres neg exist

what sg n interr

[...]

comp

give 3pl pres P

people pl def

96 (a) [6:18] They went to get corn from others [for that].

but

embark pl L.part P

3pl impf aux

comp

take 3pl pres P

other def pl adj

corn sg m def

97 (a) [6:22] We here had [enough] but in the cities they didn’t.

nom 1pl

dat refl clt

here adv

1pl pres aux clt

dat refl clt

have pl L.part I

but

city pl m def

neg

3pl pres aux clt

have pl L.part I

98 (a) [6:25] And the [state] committee set out to take [quotas], to take our corn.

disc

embark 3pl aor P

committee sg f

comp

take 3pl pres P

comp

dat 1pl clt

take 3pl pres P

corn sg f def

99 (a) [6:31] We plant it here, we have a big field, [so] we have a lot of corn,

nom 1pl

sow 1pl pres I

here adv

have 1pl pres I

field sg f

big sg f adj

have 1pl pres I

corn sg m

much adv

100 (a) [6:36] so that when they [come to] find [the quota] they leave you a bit and

and

when conj

find 3pl pres P

and

dat 2sg clt

leave 3pl pres P

little adv

and

101 (a) [6:39] they take it from you, so as to carry it off to give it

dat 2sg clt

acc 3pl clt

that sg n adj

acc n 3sg clt

take 3pl pres P

comp

acc n 3sg clt

take.away 3pl pres P

comp

acc n 3sg clt

transfer 3pl pres P

102 (a) [6:42] to those who don’t have enough to give them (the commission) [as quota],

and

this pl adj

who pl rel adj

not.have 3pl pres I

comp

dat 3pl clt

acc n 3sg clt

give 3pl pres P

103 (a) [6:45] so they won’t go hungry. They take our corn,

and

nom 3pl

comp

neg

starve 3pl pres I

take 3pl pres P

dat 1pl clt

corn sg f def

104 (a) [6:48] so we hid it and took it into the bushes so as to keep the corn for ourselves.

and

1pl pres aux clt

acc m 3sg clt

hide pl L.part I

and

carry pl L.part I

thicket pl m def

comp

comp

dat refl clt

hide 1pl pres I

corn sg f def

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a

Vasiljovo 1

1 (a) [0:00] Shall I talk first of all, first of all, when we were

2 (a) [0:04] still young girls – because I wasn’t married yet when the war –

3 (a) [0:08] When the war – when the war began. That was in [19]12.

4 (a) [0:13] The Bulgarians and the Serbs and the Greeks fought – they defeated the Turks

5 (a) [0:18] on the Turkish border, that’s where they beat them. Eh – that was the war.

6 (a) [0:24] It didn’t last long. And they, since they are – I don’t know.

7 (a) [0:27] [But] there was [this] song that they were singing. [It was] because of the war.

8 (a) [0:32] I don’t remember who their commander was,

9 (a) [0:36] the one who said to them [in the song]

10 (a) [0:38] “Stand up, brothers, stand up, and open fire!

11 (a) [0:40] If God has ordained it, we shall soon take Edirne,

12 (a) [0:44] and we shall enter Istanbul.

13 (a) [0:47] We shall catch Osman Pasha,

14 (a) [0:49] We shall take him to Sofia,

15 (a) [0:51] [and] we will make coffee for him.”

16 (a) [0:52] That was the song – [the one] they’d sung because of the war.

17 (a) [0:57] And then – didn’t they fight again?

18 (a) [1:02] Shall I tell you about how we carried on,

19 (a) [1:05] or – or about the other war?

20 (VZh) [About the other war.]

21 (a) [1:09] Well, at that time we weren’t – we weren’t grown [yet].

22 (a) [1:11] We had a brother, his name was Gacho. He perished in Dobruja,

23 (a) [1:14] in the war when they were fighting to drive out the Soviet Union.

24 (a) [1:18] Weren’t they chasing – those Germans were – and the Bulgarians,

25 (a) [1:22] weren’t they in alliance?

26 (VZh) [What did you do when you were girls?]

27 (a) [1:23] [Ah, should I talk] about young girls now? Ah, girls. We were girls

28 (a) [1:29] and we’d get together for a work bee. We’d get together at the work bee,

29 (a) [1:32] boys and girls would get together, we sit and do our work.

30 (a) [1:37] The girls and the boys sit, and then they get up when the bagpipe starts playing.

31 (a) [1:41] The bagpipe plays, we get up and we dance. And then the work bee breaks up,

32 (a) [1:48] they all get up and everyone goes home. Even if

33 (a) [1:50] we sit and sit – when we get hungry, that was how we were.

34 (a) [1:53] And my mother – and then we start – Everyone [at the work bee] is hungry. We get up,

35 (a) [1:58] and make polenta. They called it “mamaliga”, the Germ-

36 (a) [2:01] Those guys called that “mamaliga”.

37 (VZh) [Weren’t they Romanians?]

38 (a) [2:04] We pour out milk, white cheese – we’ve got livestock, we raise livestock –

39 (a) [2:08] We eat our fill, [then] they get up and go home. And when Christmas came,

40 (a) [2:13] we make “kravay” (ring-shaped buns). They kneaded bread dough

41 (a) [2:20] and we make “kravay” and they take it to [their] mothers and fathers.

42 (a) [2:24] Whatever anyone [makes] they give to [their] mother and father.

43 (a) [2:29] They give it along with the “kravay”, to their mother and their father.

44 (a) [2:31] Then comes St Basil’s day, and when that comes – when St. Basil’s day comes

45 (a) [2:35] there was [the custom] that children go out as “survakar” (New Year’s well-wisher)

46 (a) [2:38] and we girls would get together and sing [songs of enchantment] over our rings,

47 (a) [2:44] We came to “sing” over the rings here at the river, [which]

48 (a) [2:47] is [at this point] ice. So the boys and girls got together,

49 (a) [2:51] and we – they take a tin-plated kettle [that] they’ve poured water into,

50 (a) [2:55] and put it on the ice, and under the kettle – there’s oats under the kettle.

51 (a) [3:01] And, you know, we all have little rings on our hands. Rings.

52 (a) [3:04] So each one drops her rings into the water, and we sing over them.

53 (a) [3:10] We finish the songs and they take – on the night before St. Basil’s Day –

54 (a) [3:15] they take the kettle. [So,] early in the morning on St. Basils’ day we'll come

55 (a) [3:17] early again to sing. We come to sing here at the river

56 (a) [3:21] and take out the rings to identify the rings [so as to learn]

57 (a) [3:25] what fortune will come to whoever [owns each ring]. Some will have a healthy year,

58 (a) [3:30] others will have – if it’s bent like a “kravay” [it means] guests are coming.

59 (a) [3:36] That is, guests, and maybe even matchmakers, are coming. Another [fortune]

60 (a) [3:41] was – there was a haystack by the road and someone goes by [and]

61 (a) [3:46] pulls some out [to read her fortune]. And another and another. And again they tell fortunes

62 (a) [3:50] from that one, but I don’t remember anymore how they interpreted that one. Damn it.

63 (a) [3:52] I’ve forgotten how they used to interpret that one. I’ve forgotten it, I don’t remember.

64 (a) [3:58] I’m not able to tell you how they interpreted that one.

65 (a) [3:59] You see, we repeat them, [unintelligible], and repeat them again.

66 (a) [4:01] That’s how we observed St. Basil’s day. And then will come St John’s day. The boys

67 (a) [4:09] who are here ride horseback. They run them at a gallop on St. John’s day.

68 (a) [4:16] They ride horse at full gallop. Then comes Shrovetide, and we start to fast.

69 (a) [4:23] for the “great fast” (Lent). We make banitsa and get together.

70 (a) [4:28] Every two houses get together in one place to observe the fast [together].

71 (a) [4:32] They bought – some buy white halva. So we make [different kinds of] banitsa

72 (a) [4:39] We’ve cooked up everything. And we hang up a big lump of white cheese –

73 (a) [4:45] we tie it on a string and hang it on the beams