Stakevci 4

stakevci.4.new_.mp3

1 (VZh) And don’t you come across things like snakes at harvest time?

and

neg

acc refl clt

interr clt

find 3pl pres I

such pl adj

snake pl f

harvest acc sg f

2 (f) [0:02] What?

kvò

what sg n interr

какво

3 (VZh) Aren’t there any snakes?

snake pl f

pres neg exist

interr clt

4 (f) [0:04] Snakes?

zmìe

snake pl f

змия

5 (VZh) Uh huh.

əə

disc

6 (f) [0:05] Oh, there were!

excl

imàlo

L.part exist

има

3sg pres aux clt

съм

7 (h) [laughter]

[...]

8 (f) [0:07] There were but now – why aren’t any found now?

impf exist

but

now adv

why interr

acc refl clt

neg

find 3sg pres I

9 (f) [0:10] Just now this summer we were – we go [out as] shepherds, goatherds,

now adv

during

this sg n adj

summer sg n

1pl pres aux clt

pl L.part cop

go 1pl pres P

shepherd pl m

goatherd pl m

10 (f) [0:15] for three or four days, and we didn’t see [a single] snake anywhere.

three

four

day ct m

and

nowhere adv

snake acc sg f

neg

1pl pres aux clt

see pl L.part P

11 (j) [0:19] But it –

but

onò

disc

оно

12 (f) [0:19] And the grass is high, not cut [yet] …

neg

3sg pres cop clt

cut sg n P.part I

grass sg f

big sg f adj

13 (h) [unintelligible]

[...]

14 (f) [0:21] … [but] nowhere are there [any] …

nowhere adv

pres neg exist

15 (h) [unintelligible]

[...]

16 (f) [0:22] … snakes.

zmijà

snake sg f

змия

17 (h) [unintelligible]

[...]

18 (f) [0:24] Hey Misho, I hear they say the [wild] pigs are eating them.

disc

Misho sg m name

hear 1sg pres I

that conj

say 3pl pres I

pig pl f def

acc 3pl clt

eat 3pl pres I

19 (g) [0:28] Well, yes, there’s something [of that sort] ...

disc

adrs

pres exist

something sg n

20 (f) [0:29] There is something [happening].

pres exist

something sg n

21 (g) [0:29] ... [and] that may be why they died.

for

this sg n adj

acc refl clt

die 3pl aor P

22 (f) [0:30] No snakes anywhere, [and] such enormous grass …

nowhere adv

snake sg f

pres neg exist

what.kind pl adj

grasses pl m

23 (h) [unintelligible]

[...]

24 (h) [0:33] … [that] we waded through.

1pl pres aux clt

wade pl L.part I

25 (g) [0:34] I went out three times to catch crayfish …

nom 1sg

three

time sg m

go 1sg aor P

for

crayfish pl m

26 (h) [0:35] And I didn’t see any

and

nom 1sg

neg

1sg pres aux clt

see sg m L.part P

27 (g) [0:35] … and together with Plamen [unintelligible] we killed seventeen or eighteen [of them].

with

Plamen sg m name

kill 1pl aor P

seventeen.eighteen

28 (f) [0:38] Where were you?

where interr

2sg pres aux clt

sg m L.part cop

29 (g) [0:39] Well, we went to Braze twice, and killed seven, or was it eight,

disc

two

time sg m

go 1pl aor P

Braze sg n place

kill 1pl aor P

seven

interr clt

eight

interr clt

30 (g) [0:43] And after that [unintelligible] –

pòsle

after adv

после

31 (f) [0:43] This summer?

this sg n adj

summer sg n

32 (g) [0:44] [Yes,] up there by the big river.

this sg n adj

there adv

big acc sg f def

river acc sg f

33 (f) [0:44] Goodness, and we didn’t –

God voc sg m

and

nom 1pl

neg

1pl pres aux clt

34 (g) [0:45] There’s no end to how many we killed.

how.many interr

kill 1pl aor P

end sg m

pres neg exist

35 (f) [0:47] [we] didn’t see [any].

1pl pres aux clt

see pl L.part P

36 (g) [0:47] So just as I was groping under the stone down there –

disc

thus adv

under

under

stone sg m def

below adv

what sg n interr

grope 1sg pres I

37 (VZh) But do you go harvesting barefoot?

and

harvest sg f

barefoot sg f adj

interr clt

go 2sg pres I

38 (g) [0:51] [unintelligible]

[...]

39 (VZh) Are you barefoot at harvest [time]?

harvest acc sg f

barefoot sg f adj

interr clt

2sg pres cop clt

40 (f) [0:53] Not barefoot.

neg

3sg pres cop clt

barefoot sg f adj

41 (g) [0:53] It was a real mess, they were about to eat us up!

dat refl clt

fuck sg n L.part I

mother sg f def

3sg fut.pst

acc 1pl clt

eat 3pl pres P

42 (f) [0:55] We put something on our feet. This or that. A long time ago we –

put.on 1pl pres I

something sg n

what sg n interr

nom n 3sg

long.ago adv

1pl pres aux clt

43 (f) [0:58] earlier we used to go about in opŭnci (folk shoes). [laughter]

early adv

go 1pl impf I

folk.shoe pl m

44 (VZh) [laughter] How are those made?

how interr

acc refl clt

make 3sg pres I

this sg n adj

45 (f) [1:02] Folk shoes? Well, with hemp. We twist it into long ties

folk.shoe pl m

disc

with

hemp sg f

twist 1pl pres P

tie pl f

46 (f) [1:06] then [tie them] all around. The men cut out [the shape of] the folk shoe [laughter]

then adv

then adv

all.around adv

man pl m def

acc m 3sg clt

[...]

cut 3pl pres P

folk.shoe sg m def

47 (f) [1:12] then we soak it, [someone] punches [holes in] it, then we make it with the ties

and

acc m 3sg clt

soak 1pl pres P

punch 3pl pres P

acc m 3sg clt

and

then adv

with

tie pl f def

acc m 3sg clt

make 1pl pres P

48 (f) [1:18] And then we spin the laces [laughter], laces from goats, from the [hair]

and

disc

then adv

lace pl f

spin 1pl pres P

lace pl f

from

goat pl f def

from

this sg n adj

49 (f) [1:24] that is shorn [from them], and we make laces [for the shoes].

rel

acc refl clt

shear 3sg pres P

and

dat refl clt

make 1pl pres P

lace pl f

50 (f) [1:30] And [they’re] light and comfortable to walk and work in.

and

light adv

and

comfortable adv

comp

go 2sg pres I

and

comp

да

rabòtiš

work 2sg pres I

работя

51 (VZh) So which is the tie and which is the lace?

znàči

mean 3sg pres I

знача

disc

koè

which sg n interr adj

3sg pres cop clt

tie sg f

and

which sg n interr adj

3sg pres cop clt

lace sg f

52 (f) [1:35] The tie is made from hemp fiber. It [goes] all around

tie sg f def

acc refl clt

make 3sg pres I

from

hemp sg f def

nom f 3sg

all.around adv

acc n 3sg clt

thus adv

53 (f) [1:40] and we bind it up all around with the tie.

surround 1pl pres P

with

tie acc sg f def

54 (VZh) Uh huh.

əmxəm

bkch

55 (f) [1:43] And then the lace gets threaded, up above

and

after adv

lace sg f def

acc refl clt

thus adv

above adv

acc refl clt

thread 3sg pres P

lace sg f def

56 (f) [1:47] so that it’s bound tight to your leg,

comp

dat 2sg clt

bind 3sg pres I

leg acc sg f def

57 (VZh) Uh huh.

əmxəm

bkch

58 (f) [1:49] like this.

disc

tekà

thus adv

така

59 (g) [1:50] Like this.

tekà

thus adv

така

60 (VZh) What else did women wear in the old days?

hes

other sg n adj

what sg n interr

wear 3pl impf I

woman pl f def

one sg n adj

time sg n

61 (VZh) What kind of clothes did they wear?

what.kind pl interr

clothes pl f

wear 3pl impf I

62 (f) [1:55] Oh, my son, what did we wear? We didn’t have anything at all.

excl

son voc sg m

what sg n interr

1pl pres aux clt

wear pl L.part I

nothing sg n

nothing sg n

exist impf neg

63 (VZh) Well, you put the shift on underneath, [don’t you?]

shift sg f

fut

put 2sg pres P

below adv

64 (f) [2:01] Well, well, we make the shift from hemp fabric. That’s how it was.

disc

disc

shift sg f

make 1pl pres I

from

hempen sg n adj

fabric n sg

thus adv

3sg pres aux clt

sg n L.part cop

65 (f) [2:06] In the villages it was like that. [We made] shifts from hemp.

village pl n def

thus adv

3sg impf cop

shift pl f

from

hemp pl f

66 (f) [2:11] We weave the fabric, [then] it soaks. It soaks and then gets rubbed –

fabric n sg

weave 1pl pres P

soak 3sg pres I

acc refl clt

soak 3sg pres I

acc refl clt

and

acc refl clt

rub 3sg pres I

67 (f) [2:16] We say it [that way]. It gets rubbed with the hemp-beater there.

say 1pl pres I

dat m 3sg clt

rub 3sg pres I

acc refl clt

hemp.beater acc sg f

there adv

68 (VZh) The hemp-beater. What’s that?

hemp.beater sg f def

what sg n interr

3sg pres cop clt

69 (f) [2:19] A hemp-beater. It’s this [thing] made [of] two boards like this, and in the middle

hemp.beater sg f

disc

such sg n adj

make sg n P.part P

two f

board pl f

disc

thus adv

and

in.middle adv

70 (VZh) Umhm

əmhm

bkch

71 (f) [2:26] for there to be a little space. And there’s another piece with a handle,

comp

pres exist

little adv

space sg m

and

other sg n adj

one sg n adj

with

handle acc sg f

72 (f) [2:30] and you pound it and pound it [laughter]

and

pound 2sg pres I

pound 2sg pres I

73 (VZh) Ah.

ɤ̀

bkch

74 (f) [2:33] until you pulverize the hemp …

until conj

pulverize 2sg pres P

hemp acc sg f def

75 (VZh) So that it becomes soft.

disc

comp

become 3sg pres P

soft sg n adj

76 (f) [2:35] … so that all the combings fall out, and then when the combings fall out

comp

comp

fall 3sg pres P

combings sg m def

and

then adv

when conj

fall 3sg pres P

combings sg m def

77 (f) [2:39] then you –

after

acc refl clt

[...]

78 (g) [unintelligible]

[...]

79 (f) [2:41] comb it and then you spin it, and –

comb 3sg pres I

and

acc refl clt

spin 3sg pres I

and

80 (VZh) How – What time of year do you plant this hemp?

and

[…]

which sg n adj

time sg n

acc refl clt

plant 3sg pres I

this sg m adj

hes

hemp pl f def

81 (f) [2:48] You sow it in the spring, and you harvest it when it gets towards autumn,

spring sg n adj

time sg n

acc refl clt

sow 3sg pres P

and

disc

toward.autumn adv

acc refl clt

harvest 3sg pres P

82 (f) [2:53] When it get ripe, there’s these – one we call “white hemp” and one “black hemp”.

when conj

ripen 3pl pres P

pres exist

one pl f adj

say 1pl pres I

dat 3pl clt

one pl f adj

white pl adj

and

one pl f adj

black pl adj

83 (VZh) Umhm.

əmxm

bkch

84 (f) [2:57] The black hemp has seeds that [we keep] so as to sow for the next year.

black pl def adj

pres exist

seed pl f

for

disc

comp

acc refl clt

sow 3sg pres I

for

year acc sg f

85 (f) [3:01] We harvest those separately, and the white hemp separately. And when –

acc 3pl

dat refl clt

harvest 1pl pres I

separately adv

and

white pl def adj

separately

and

when conj

acc refl clt

86 (f) [3:06] and then it soaks and it sits for two weeks. We create a place for it to soak,

and

soak 3sg pres P

acc refl clt

and

sit 3sg pres I

two f

week pl f

make 1pl pres I

soaking.place pl n

87 (f) [3:09] [it’s] in the soaking place, then it gets washed and taken out [when] it’s all soft.

and

topìloto

soaking.place sg n def

and

then adv

acc refl clt

wash 3sg pres P

extract 3sg pres P

nom n 3sg

soften sg n L.part P

88 (f) [3:14] When it dries, it gets scraped down, and [then] it becomes fabric.

when conj

dry 3sg pres P

and

acc refl clt

се

òtre

scrape 3sg pres P

отрия

and

dat refl clt

become 3sg pres P

fabric n sg

89 (f) [3:18] It’s not [very] comfortable to wear, but we wore it [all the same] [laughter]

nom n 3sg

neg

3sg pres cop clt

comfortable sg n adj

for

wear vbl.n I

but

acc refl clt

wear sg n L.part I

90 (VZh) Uh huh. So then, underneath there is the shift.

disc

mean 3sg pres I

below adv

shift sg f

and

from

от

91 (f) [3:23] Underneath [is] the shift.

below adv

shift sg f

92 (VZh) And what did one wear on top [of that]?

and

above adv

what sg n interr

fut

put 2sg pres P

93 (f) [3:24] Well, for on top we make homespun [fabric]. We didn’t know how –

and

above adv

make 1pl pres I

homespun pl f

and

neg

1pl pres aux clt

know.how pl L.part I

94 (f) [3:28] There used to be sheep, each [one] had up to twenty or thirty sheep

L.part exist

3sg pres aux clt

sheep pl f

twenty.thirty

sheep pl f

3sg pres aux clt

L.part exist

95 (f) [3:32] [but] we didn’t know how to knit sweaters.

neg

1pl pres aux clt

know.how pl L.part I

comp

dat 3sg refl clt

knit 1pl pres P

sweater acc sg f

96 (f) [3:35] I don’t know what sort of silly folk [we were, but]

not.know 1sg pres I

what.kind pl adj

1pl pres aux clt

pl L.part cop

disc

stupid pl adj

person pl m

97 (VZh) [laughter]

[...]

98 (f) [3:39] we didn’t figure out how to knit them. We did knit socks, and homespun.

neg

1pl pres aux clt

acc refl clt

think pl L.part P

comp

dat refl clt

knit 1pl pres P

sock pl m

1pl pres aux clt

knit pl L.part I

and

homespun pl f

99 (f) [3:45] For homespun – you spin it like this, you set up the warp and woof, and you spin it

homespun pl f

again adv

thus adv

acc refl clt

spin 3sg pres P

warp sg f

woof sg f

acc refl clt

spin 3sg pres P

100 (f) [3:52] and turn it into woven cloth. And then you take it to the fulling mill.

and

make 1pl pres I

weave vbl.n I

acc refl clt

carry 3sg pres I

fulling.mill acc sg f

валявица

101 (f) [3:57] There’s one down below the village, and other villages [also have] fulling mills –

pres exist

dat refl clt

under

village sg n

disc

and

other pl adj

village pl n

fulling.mill sg f

102 (f) [4:01] and when you take it there, you beat it at the fulling mill.

and

there adv

when conj

acc refl clt

take 3sg pres P

acc refl clt

swingle 3sg pres I

fulling.mill sg f

103 (f) [4:05] And [from it] you make clothing for men – "elbrevenetsi",

and

make 3sg pres I

for

for

man pl m def

make 3sg pres I

hes

[...]

elbrevenèci

tight.breeches pl.t

елбеневреци

104 (f) [4:10] and on top a white vest.

and

vest sg n def

above

white sg n adj

105 (f) [4:12] And for the younger men, they dye [the fabric] and make clothes [of it].

and

for

young def adj

man pl m

acc m 3sg clt

dye 3pl pres P

and

make 3pl pres I

clothes pl.t

106 (VZh) So what is this "elbrevenetsi"?

and

what sg n interr

3sg pres cop clt

this sg m adj

hes

tight.breeches pl.t

107 (f) [4:17] They are "brevenetsi" (tight breeches) – white,

tight.breeches pl.t

white sg n adj

108 (VZh) Uh huh.

əxə

bkch

аха

109 (f) [4:20] and tight down below like, like –

and

below adv

narrow sg n adj

disc

hes

110 (g) [4:23] Pants

pantalòne

trousers pl m

панталон

111 (f) [4:24] Like breeches. Like –

breeches sg m

112 (VZh) Aha.

ɤxɤ̀

bkch

аха

113 (f) [4:25] Breeches, trousers, maybe you –

breeches sg m

trousers sg m

if conj

[...]

interr

114 (VZh) I know, I know, I’ve seen [them].

know 1sg pres I

know 1sg pres I

see sg m L.part P

1sg pres aux clt

115 (f) [4:28] So you know what that is then.

know 2pl pres I

what sg n interr

3sg pres cop clt

ost

thus adv

116 (VZh) And here, on top [of that], what do you wind around the leg?

and

here adv

above adv

what sg n interr

fut

wind 3sg pres P

leg sg f def

117 (f) [4:33] Ah, [there].

a aa

disc

118 (VZh) What gets wound around the leg?

leg acc sg f def

fut

wind 3sg pres P

hes

119 (f) [4:34] You put on – you put on “wrappings”, [that’s what] we call it.

wind 3sg pres I

wind 3sg pres I

wrapping pl.t

dat m 3sg clt

nom 1pl

say 1pl pres I

120 (VZh) Uh huh.

əmxəm

bkch

121 (f) [4:38] The wrappings go on top, and the ties bind them up [tightly], up to here.

wrapping pl.t

3sg pres cop clt

above adv

with

hes

tie pl f

again adv

acc m 3sg clt

tie 3sg pres P

to.here adv

122 (VZh) Mmhm.

mxm

bkch

123 (f) [4:44] And that’s how it goes.

hes

and

ost

те

tekà

thus adv

така

124 (VZh) And what [about women]? What does a woman wear here in front?

but

woman sg f def

in.front adv

what sg n interr

put 3sg pres I

here adv

125 (f) [4:46] Well, the women [puts on] a tunic. We make [them] out of homespun cloth,

disc

woman sg f def

tunic sg n

make 3pl pres I

from

homespun pl f def

tunic sg n

126 (f) [4:52] A tunic. And then –

tunic sg n

and

then adv

127 (VZh) And in the back?

and

odzàd

behind adv

отзад

128 (f) [4:55] The shifts are made of this thin (= two-ply) cloth with sleeves to here,

shift pl f def

such pl adj

thin pl adj

and

with

sleeve pl m

to.here adv

129 (f) [4:58] and on top, the tunic, and that’s it. But nobody knew how

and

above adv

tunic sg n

and

disc

but

nobody sg m

neg

3sg pres aux clt

know.how sg m L.part I

умея

130 (f) [5:02] to knit for themselves. Now they knit all sorts of pullovers from wool

comp

dat refl clt

knit 3sg pres P

now adv

what.kind pl adj

sweater pl f

knit 3pl pres I

from

hes

wool acc sg f

131 (f) [5:07] [but] back then there weren’t any.

then adv

exist impf neg

132 (j) [5:08] [We’re] closed!

zatvòreno

close sg n P.part P

затворя

133 (f) [5:08] We know how to knit, but nobody ever figured it out.

nom 1pl

know.how 1pl pres I

comp

dat refl clt

knit 1pl pres I

but

nobody sg m

acc refl clt

neg

3sg pres aux clt

think sg m L.part I

134 (f) [5:11] [So] nobody wore [anything other than rough fabric clothing].

nobody sg m

neg

wear 3sg impf I

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VZh

f

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g

Stakevci 4

1 (VZh) And don’t you come across things like snakes at harvest time?

2 (f) [0:02] What?

3 (VZh) Aren’t there any snakes?

4 (f) [0:04] Snakes?

5 (VZh) Uh huh.

6 (f) [0:05] Oh, there were!

7 (h) [laughter]

8 (f) [0:07] There were but now – why aren’t any found now?

9 (f) [0:10] Just now this summer we were – we go [out as] shepherds, goatherds,

10 (f) [0:15] for three or four days, and we didn’t see [a single] snake anywhere.

11 (j) [0:19] But it –

12 (f) [0:19] And the grass is high, not cut [yet] …

13 (h) [unintelligible]

14 (f) [0:21] … [but] nowhere are there [any] …

15 (h) [unintelligible]

16 (f) [0:22] … snakes.

17 (h) [unintelligible]

18 (f) [0:24] Hey Misho, I hear they say the [wild] pigs are eating them.

19 (g) [0:28] Well, yes, there’s something [of that sort] ...

20 (f) [0:29] There is something [happening].

21 (g) [0:29] ... [and] that may be why they died.

22 (f) [0:30] No snakes anywhere, [and] such enormous grass …

23 (h) [unintelligible]

24 (h) [0:33] … [that] we waded through.

25 (g) [0:34] I went out three times to catch crayfish …

26 (h) [0:35] And I didn’t see any

27 (g) [0:35] … and together with Plamen [unintelligible] we killed seventeen or eighteen [of them].

28 (f) [0:38] Where were you?

29 (g) [0:39] Well, we went to Braze twice, and killed seven, or was it eight,

30 (g) [0:43] And after that [unintelligible] –

31 (f) [0:43] This summer?

32 (g) [0:44] [Yes,] up there by the big river.

33 (f) [0:44] Goodness, and we didn’t –

34 (g) [0:45] There’s no end to how many we killed.

35 (f) [0:47] [we] didn’t see [any].

36 (g) [0:47] So just as I was groping under the stone down there –

37 (VZh) But do you go harvesting barefoot?

38 (g) [0:51] [unintelligible]

39 (VZh) Are you barefoot at harvest [time]?

40 (f) [0:53] Not barefoot.

41 (g) [0:53] It was a real mess, they were about to eat us up!

42 (f) [0:55] We put something on our feet. This or that. A long time ago we –

43 (f) [0:58] earlier we used to go about in opŭnci (folk shoes). [laughter]

44 (VZh) [laughter] How are those made?

45 (f) [1:02] Folk shoes? Well, with hemp. We twist it into long ties

46 (f) [1:06] then [tie them] all around. The men cut out [the shape of] the folk shoe [laughter]

47 (f) [1:12] then we soak it, [someone] punches [holes in] it, then we make it with the ties

48 (f) [1:18] And then we spin the laces [laughter], laces from goats, from the [hair]

49 (f) [1:24] that is shorn [from them], and we make laces [for the shoes].

50 (f) [1:30] And [they’re] light and comfortable to walk and work in.

51 (VZh) So which is the tie and which is the lace?

52 (f) [1:35] The tie is made from hemp fiber. It [goes] all around

53 (f) [1:40] and we bind it up all around with the tie.

54 (VZh) Uh huh.

55 (f) [1:43] And then the lace gets threaded, up above

56 (f) [1:47] so that it’s bound tight to your leg,

57 (VZh) Uh huh.

58 (f) [1:49] like this.

59 (g) [1:50] Like this.

60 (VZh) What else did women wear in the old days?

61 (VZh) What kind of clothes did they wear?

62 (f) [1:55] Oh, my son, what did we wear? We didn’t have anything at all.

63 (VZh) Well, you put the shift on underneath, [don’t you?]

64 (f) [2:01] Well, well, we make the shift from hemp fabric. That’s how it was.

65 (f) [2:06] In the villages it was like that. [We made] shifts from hemp.

66 (f) [2:11] We weave the fabric, [then] it soaks. It soaks and then gets rubbed –

67 (f) [2:16] We say it [that way]. It gets rubbed with the hemp-beater there.

68 (VZh) The hemp-beater. What’s that?

69 (f) [2:19] A hemp-beater. It’s this [thing] made [of] two boards like this, and in the middle

70 (VZh) Umhm