Oborište 1

thus adv

6 (a) [1:10] At home. There was an oven at home, and it would take –

at.home adv

at.home adv

dat refl clt

impf exist

oven sg f

disc

take 3sg impf I

7 (a) [0:13] we [can] bake seven or eight loaves of bread at a time. We light it,

seven

hes

eight

bread ct m

and

bake 1pl pres P

dat refl clt

light 1pl pres P

acc f 3sg clt

8 (a) [0:18] a wood fire, and sweep it out, then put the bread into it

sɤz

with

dɤ̀rva

wood pl n

дърво

and

dat refl clt

acc f 3sg clt

sweep 1pl pres P

put 1pl pres I

dat refl clt

bread sg m def

there adv

9 (a) [0:22] in it with oven peels. It bakes, we take out the bread, eat [it], and then –

acc f 3sg

with

shovel pl f

bake 3sg pres P

acc refl clt

extract 1pl pres P

bread sg m def

eat 1pl pres I

and

then adv

10 (MM) And you – you [were the one who] baked [it]

nom 2sg

nom 2sg

2sg pres aux clt

[ ... ]

[ ... ]

bake sg f L.part I

11 (a) [0:29] I baked it. I [did] all these things, using the oven peel and such.

bake sg f L.part I

1sg pres aux clt

such pl adj

thing pl f

shovel sg f

with

thus adv

1sg pres aux clt

12 (MM) O.K., but how do you make [the dough]?

disc

fine adv

and

how interr

fut

acc m 3sg clt

knead 2sg pres P

[…]

13 (a) [0:33] Well, how do we make it?! I heat up [some] water, I sift out

disc

how interr

fut

acc m 3sg clt

knead 1pl pres P

fut

heat 1sg pres P

water sg f def

and

fut

sift 1sg pres P

14 (a) [0:36] the flour and – there was leavening – and I knead it with leavening

flour sg n def

and

leavening sg m

[ … ]

dat refl clt

impf exist

and

knead 1sg pres P

with

leavening sg m def

15 (a) [0:40] and it rises. And and I separate it out into loaves,

and

nom m 3sg

rise 3sg pres P

and

acc m 3sg clt

divide 1sg pres P

one f sg adj

board sg f

16 (a) [0:43] one by one on a board, and we take it and toss it

all adv

one sg m adj

bread sg m

and

acc m 3sg clt

carry 1pl pres P

and

acc m 3sg clt

put 1pl pres P

17 (a) [0:47] into the oven, and there it is.

oven sg f def

and

thus adv

18 (MM) Yes –

yes

19 (a) [0:49] And it bakes for –

and

bake 3sg pres I

acc refl clt

20 (MM) And how do you know when it’s time to put it into the oven?

disc

how interr

know 2sg pres I

when interr

must pres I imprs

comp

acc m 3sg clt

put 2sg pres P

oven sg f def

21 (a) [0:54] Oh, well, you know! It ferments, gets bubbles in it, like this. And

disc

recognize 3sg pres I

acc refl clt

nom m 3sg

dat refl clt

rise 3sg pres P

ferment 3sg pres P

thus adv

and

22 (a) [0:57] when it’s risen, I toss it into the oven and that’s that.

when conj

rise 3sg pres P

and

nom 1sg

dat refl clt

acc m 3sg clt

put 1sg pres P

oven sg f def

and

thus adv

23 (MM) Yes.

yes

24 (a) [1:01] I bake [it].

pèka

bake 1sg pres I

пека

dat refl clt

си

25 (b) [1:01] It’s been sitting in the kneading trough.

kneading.trough pl.t

stand sg m L.part I

26 (a) [1:03] Yes, the kneading trough. It rises in the kneading trough, and then it ri–

disc

kneading.trough pl.t

nom m 3sg

dat refl clt

rise 3sg pres P

kneading.trough pl.t def

after adv

[...]

27 (a) [1:06] When I separate it out on the board, it has risen [nicely], and that’s all.

when conj

acc m 3sg clt

divide 1sg pres P

and

board sg f def

rise 3sg pres I

and

thus adv

28 (MM) Yes.

yes

29 (a) [1:10] That’s how it was.

and

thus adv

3sg pres aux clt

sg n L.part cop

30 (MM) And every woman makes her own [bread]

and

each sg f adj

woman sg f

dat refl clt

knead 3sg pres I

31 (a) [1:13] Every woman used to make her own bread at home.

each sg f adj

woman sg f

dat refl clt

knead 3sg impf I

at.home adv

bread sg m def

32 (MM) Did you make any sort of bread without starter?

and

make 2pl impf I

interr clt

bread sg m

without

leavening sg m

some.kind sg m adj

33 (a) [1:18] Ah, no. Unleavened bread only when you bake it in those –

disc

unleavened.bread sg f

only adv

when inter.rel

acc refl clt

bake 3sg pres I

that pl adj

34 (a) [1:20] in this – [when it’s made] fresh. But otherwise –

this pl adj

disc

fresh sg n adj

but

otherwise adv

35 (MM) Somewhere also in the outdoor oven?

and

somewhere adv

again adv

outdoor.oven sg f def

фурна

interr clt

ли

36 (a) [1:24] Well, you can also bake it in the outdoor oven, but [usually], like now, in [indoor] ovens.

disc

nom f 3sg

can pres imprs

and

outdoor.oven sg f def

but

when conj

now adv

oven pl f def

37 (a) [1:27] Otherwise we would heat up the baking dish

and

otherwise adv

light 1pl impf I

baking.dish sg f def

38 (MM) Yes.

yes

39 (a) [1:30] and put the bread into the baking dish, and cover it on top

and

baking.dish sg f def

put 1pl pres P

bread sg m def

and

cover 1pl pres P

acc m 3sg clt

above adv

40 (a) [1:34] with ash and coals –

with

ash sg f

with

coals sg f

and

41 (MM) Do you have a baking dish – here?

disc

nom 2sg

baking.dish sg f

have 2sg pres I

interr clt

dat refl clt

here adv

42 (a) [1:38] There used to be, but the baking dish broke. I don’t have [any] baking dish [now].

impf exist

but

acc refl clt

break 3sg aor I

baking.dish sg f def

and

not.have 1sg pres I

neither

baking.dish sg f

43 (MM) You don’t keep it, you don’t –

neg

acc f 3sg clt

guard 2sg pres I

neg

acc f 3sg clt

44 (a) [1:42] I haven’t kept it. [laughter]

neg

1sg pres aux clt

acc f 3sg clt

guard sg f L.part I

45 (MM) Ahh –

à

disc

46 (a) [1:44] I don’t need it. Why –

neg

dat 1sg clt

need pres imprs

why interr

3sg pres cop clt

47 (b) [1:45] Where did you used to put that baking dish …

where interr

2sg pres aux clt

acc f 3sg clt

put sg f L.part I

this sg f adj

baking.dish sg f

48 (a) [1:47] Well –

disc

disc

49 (b) [1:47] … with the dough [in it]?

sɤs

with

testòto

dough sg n def

тесто

50 (a) [1:48] Well, so, you light [a fire] in the hearth. There was a hearth,

disc

mean 3sg pres I

lay 3sg pres P

acc refl clt

hearth sg m def

disc

dat refl clt

impf exist

hearth sg m

51 (a) [1:50] there in front of the big oven, and we put it [the baking dish] in,

there adv

before

oven sg f def

here adv

3sg impf cop

and

put 1pl pres P

acc n 3sg clt

52 (a) [1:54] the baking dish heats up, and – and then we take out the baking dish

baking.dish sg f def

acc refl clt

light 3sg pres P

and

[...]

take.down 1pl pres P

baking.dish sg f def

53 (a) [1:58] and put in the quick bread, and that’s it.

and

put 1pl pres P

quickbread sg f def

and

this sg n adj

3sg pres cop clt

54 (MM) So then houses weren’t like these [now].

disc

hes

mean 3sg pres I

hes

house pl f def

neg

3pl impf cop

this pl adj

55 (MM) They had hearths, right?

impf exist

with

hearths pl m

thus adv

interr clt

56 (a) [2:04] They did, they did. But now we’ve made ourselves all –

impf exist

impf exist

but

now adv

acc f 3sg clt

make 1pl aor P

all adv

57 (a) [2:07] we’ve gotten to be somewhat modern [laughter]

something sg n

modern pl adj

become 1pl aor P

and

58 (MM) But this house of yours is old. How old is it?

but

this sg f adj

house sg f

your sg f def adj

3sg pres cop clt

old sg f adj

hes

and

how.much interr

3sg pres cop clt

old sg f adj

59 (c) [2:11] I don’t know.

neg

не

znàm

know 1sg pres I

зная

60 (a) [2:12] Well, it was built in 1950.

disc

[...]

fiftieth sg f adj

year f sg

3sg pres cop clt

make sg f P.part I

61 (MM) 1950. Ah! Then before that, in those old ones –

fifty

disc

mean 3sg pres I

before

this sg n adj

hes

that pl adj

old def pl adj

62 (a) [2:16] It was built in 1950.

fiftieth sg f adj

year f sg

3sg pres cop clt

make sg f P.part I

63 (MM) In the older houses …

old def pl adj

house pl f

64 (a) [2:18] Uh huh,

əhə

bkch

аха

65 (MM) … there would have been hearths.

3sg pres aux clt

L.part exist

hearths pl m

66 (a) [2:19] the older ones.

old def pl adj

67 (MM) But this one didn’t have a hearth, right?

but

this sg f adj

neg

3sg pres aux clt

L.part exist

hearth sg m

thus adv

interr clt

68 (a) [2:24] [laughter] Hey, hey, come on over, come on!

come sg imv P

come sg imv P

come sg imv P

69 (c) [2:25] Come and sit down.

come sg imv P

sit sg imv P

70 (a) [2:27] Older, more like –

old sg m adj

disc

71 (MM) So you’ll tell us what houses were like in the old days [O.K.]?

and

nom 2sg

fut

dat 1pl clt

tell 2sg pres P

what.kind pl adj

3pl impf cop

and

house pl f def

one sg n adj

time sg n

72 (a) [2:32] Well, the houses of olden days –

disc

old.time pl adj

house pl f

73 (MM) Uh?

à

disc

74 (a) [2:34] Old-fashioned houses! Each had one of – well, earthen fortification underneath

old.time pl adj

house pl f

with

one f sg adj

such sg f adj

below adv

embankment sg m

75 (a) [2:42] and two rooms above. The house and what we called a “soba” –

and

two f

room pl f

above adv

and

house sg f

and

bedroom sg f

dat n 3sg clt

call 1pl impf I

76 (a) [2:45] two rooms. Otherwise – later they started to make them

two f

room pl f

and

again adv

otherwise adv

after adv

take 3pl aor P

acc 3pl clt

make 3pl pres I

77 (a) [2:49] with two stories: two rooms above and down below –

and

two m

floor ct m

and

above adv

two f

bedroom pl f

below adv

78 (a) [2:52] what we called “zivnitsi” (basements).

basement pl m def

dat 3pl clt

call 1pl impf I

again adv

79 (MM) And what was in the basements?

disc

basement pl m def

what sg n interr

3sg impf cop

80 (a) [2:55] Well, you could live [there], and in one of them we used to put luggage

and

can impf imprs

comp

acc refl clt

live 3sg pres I

and

one sg m def adj

baggage sg m

dat refl clt

put 1pl impf I

81 (a) [2:59] and this and that.

this sg n adj

that sg n adj

82 (MM) Right -

thus adv

83 (a) [3:00] Like – well, for food, you know –

thus adv

for

disc

for

food sg f

adrs

84 (MM) Yes –

yes

85 (a) [3:04] [that’s where] they put [it].

slàgat

put 3pl pres I

слагам

86 (MM) What kinds of animals did you have in the old days?

and

what.kind sg f adj

livestock sg f

have 2pl impf I

nom 2pl

one sg n adj

time sg n

87 (a) [3:07] Well, sheep, cattle –

disc

sheep pl f

cattle pl n

88 (MM) So tell me [about] ...

jà

hort

comp

dat 1sg clt

say 2sg pres P

89 (a) [3:10] The she-

[...]

90 (MM) ... the sheep. How did you pasture them, and why did you raise them?

sheep pl f def

how interr

acc 3pl clt

pasture 2pl impf I

and

for

what sg n interr

acc 3pl clt

hes

look 2pl impf I

acc 3pl

91 (a) [3:14] Well –

emi

disc

ами

92 (MM) Ah –

hes

93 (a) [3:17] Sheep – we had sheep for – [we kept them] behind the –

sheep pl f def

sheep pl f def

acc 3pl clt

1pl pres aux clt

disc

behind

hes

94 (a) [3:22] They stayed there in the sheep pen, they didn’t stay in the house.

pen sg f def

there adv

sit 3pl pres I

this pl adj

neg

sit 3pl impf I

at.home adv

95 (a) [3:25] Our sheep did not stay in the house. I – my father and grandfather,

our pl def adj

sheep pl f

acc refl clt

neg

3pl pres aux clt

sit pl L.part I

at.home adv

nom 1sg

grandfather sg m

and

father sg m

96 (a) [3:29] they looked after them in the sheep pen, they didn’t keep them at home.

this pl adj

3pl pres aux clt

acc 3pl clt

look pl L.part I

pen sg f def

neg

3pl pres aux clt

acc 3pl clt

keep pl L.part I

at.home adv

97 (a) [3:32] As for me, ever since I’ve come here I haven’t – I have one sheep

and

nom 1sg

here adv

since conj

1sg pres aux clt

come sg f L.part P

neg

1sg pres aux clt

have 1sg pres I

one f adj

sheep sg f

98 (a) [3:37] and it – I haven’t seen it for three or four years.

and

nom f 3sg

neg

1sg pres aux clt

acc f 3sg clt

see sg f L.part I

three

four

year pl f

99 (a) [3:39] All that time it’s been staying there with my brother.

all adv

3sg pres cop clt

brother acc sg m

sit 3sg pres I

there adv

100 (MM) Yes.

yes

101 (c) [3:41] Umhm

bkch

102 (a) [3:41] I don’t know –

neg

не

znàm

know 1sg pres I

зная

103 (MM) O.K., then. Why did you raise and look after sheep? For –

disc

O.K. adv

for

what sg n interr

acc 3pl clt

look 2pl impf I

nom 2pl

sheep pl f

for

104 (a) [3:44] Well for the wool, for the milk …

disc

for

wool sg f

for

milk sg n

105 (MM) So tell me [about] milk, once –

jà

hort

comp

dat 1sg clt

tell 2sg pres P

milk sg n def

when conj

106 (a) [3:47] … for the cheese –

for

за

sìrene

cheese sg n

сирене

107 (MM) … once you’ve milked [the animal], how do you process …

when conj

acc n 3sg clt

milk 2sg pres P

how interr

acc n 3sg clt

remake 2pl pres I

108 (a) [3:49] Well –

ami

disc

ами

109 (MM) … the milk?

ml’àkoto

milk sg n def

мляко

110 (a) [3:50] we milk [the animal] and strain the milk, and when it’s cooled some –

milk sg n def

acc n 3sg clt

milk 1pl pres P

and

strain 1pl pres P

acc n 3sg clt

and

hes

little adv

and

hot sg n adj

111 (a) [3:54] and take it and put rennet in it, it becomes cheese

and

acc n 3sg clt

take 1pl pres P

and

acc n 3sg clt

curdle 1pl pres P

and

become 3sg pres P

cheese sg n

112 (a) [3:58] and we strain it in strainers.

strain 1pl pres P

acc n 3sg clt

strainer pl f

113 (MM) Right –

thus adv

114 (a) [4:00] in molds –

kalɤ̀pe

mold pl m

калъп

115 (MM) O.K., so you make white cheese

disc

O.K. adv

disc

make 2pl pres I

cheese sg n

116 (d) [4:03] [knock on door] Hello.

good sg m adj

day sg m

117 (a) [4:04] Oh hello! [laughter]

good sg m adj

day sg m

118 (MM) Hello.

good sg m adj

day sg m

119 (d) [4:05] What’s happening? Wait, let me begin [greeting each one] in turn.

what sg n interr

become 3sg pres I

wait imv I

comp

begin 1sg pres I

in.order adv

120 (a) [4:06] Right, in order!

è

disc

and

narèt

in.order adv

наред

121 (MM) Yes, in turn.

narèd

in.order adv

наред

yes

122 (a) [4:07] Greetings in turn.

healthy pl adj

in.order adv

123 (MM) Yes, yes. My name is Mladenov.

yes

yes

disc

Mladenov sg m name

acc refl clt

say 1sg pres I

124 (d) [4:11] [I’m Mrs.] Skreshkina, have a seat!

Skreshkina sg f name

sit sg imv P

dat refl clt

125 (MM) Yes

yes

126 (a) [4:11] Um

tə

disc

та

127 (c) [4:12] Just sit still, Granny will tell you [what’s going on].

sit sg imv P

little adv

grandmother f

fut

dat 2sg clt

say 3sg pres P

128 (d) [4:15] Well, I’ll just stand.

disc

fut

stand 1sg pres P

129 (MM) Ah, that’s it!

disc

thus adv

130 (a) [4:17] Yes, you stand, like this one! You’re young, [laughter], we can

disc

stand sg imv P

ost

nom m 3sg

nom 2pl

2pl pres cop clt

young pl adj

and

nom 1pl

can 1pl pres I

131 (MM) [laughter]

[...]

132 (a) [4:20] … stay [where we are]. It’s gotten to be like that.

comp

stand 1pl pres I

and

thus adv

become 3sg aor P

133 (MM) So wait now. You say you strain it –

wait imv I

now adv

call 2sg pres I

strain 2sg pres P

acc n 3sg clt

134 (a) [4:25] Well you str- after they milk the sheep then you strain the milk

disc

[...]

when conj

acc n 3sg clt

milk 3pl pres P

from

sheep pl f def

strain 3sg pres P

acc refl clt

milk sg n def

135 (MM) Into what?

vɤf

kakvò

what sg n interr

какво

136 (a) [4:29] Into what? Into pans, or into a big cauldron if there’s a lot of milk,

what sg n interr

saucepan pl f

cauldron sg m

big sg m

when conj

3sg pres cop clt

much adv

milk sg n def

137 (a) [4:36] and you add rennet, and it ferments, and –

and

acc refl clt

put 3sg pres P

rennet sg n

and

curdle 3sg pres P

acc refl clt

and

138 (MM) Where do you get the rennet from?

from.where interr

rennet sg n

139 (a) [4:39] Well, we used to buy it. At one point they would make it from lambs –

disc

buy 1pl impf I

and

one.time adv

and

make 3pl impf I

from

hes

lamb pl n def

140 (a) [4:42] when they slaughter lambs there was rennet. They would pound it and

when conj

slaughter 3pl pres P

lamb pl n

impf exist

rennet sg n

and

pound 3pl impf P

acc n 3sg clt

and

141 (a) [4:46] add salt, then stir it and you pour it into a bottle

put 3pl pres P

salt sg f

stir 3pl pres P

acc n 3sg clt

and

acc n 3sg clt

bottle sg n def

acc refl clt

pour 3sg pres P

142 (a) [4:49] and make it with water and – That’s what you made cheese from.

with

water sg f

acc refl clt

make 3sg pres P

and

acc refl clt

from

acc n 3sg

acc refl clt

make.cheese 3sg impf I

сиря

143 (a) [4:52] At one time my grandfather made cheese only with this sort of rennet.

one.time adv

grandfather sg m

my sg m adj

make.cheese 3sg impf I

all adv

with

such sg n adj

rennet sg n

144 (MM) Right, right. And when –

bkch

thus adv

and

when conj

acc n 3sg clt

145 (a) [4:57] And then [people] started doing it the European way, and there was –

and

after adv

European adv

take 3pl aor P

comp

impf exist

146 (MM) Wait, wait – we haven’t finished [talking] about this [kind of] rennet.

wait imv I

wait imv I

neg

1pl pres aux clt

finish pl L.part P

this sg n adj

with

rennet sg n def

147 (a) [5:01] And –

and

148 (MM) Where do you put it after that?

where interr

acc n 3sg clt

put 2sg pres I

after

this sg n adj

149 (a) [5:03] In the milk, of course!

milk sg n def

adrs

150 (MM) No, I mean the cheese once [the fermenting] starts up.

when conj

cheese sg n def

when conj

hes

acc refl clt

се

fàne

grasp 3sg pres P

хвана

151 (a) [5:07] When the cheese gets started, you stir it with a sort of …

cheese sg n def

when conj

acc refl clt

grasp 3sg pres P

acc refl clt

stir 3sg pres P

with

one f sg adj

such sg f adj

152 (MM) Right –

thus adv

153 (d) [5:10] [unintelligible]

[...]

154 (a) [5:11] … ladle, and it – it settles a bit and then you strain it into a –

lopàtka

spatula sg f

лопатка

and

acc refl clt

little adv

acc refl clt

calm 3sg pres P

after adv

acc n 3sg clt

strain 1pl pres P

155 (a) [5:16] into – there are these molds, and then it filters out,

[...]

disc

one pl adj

pres exist

dat refl clt

mold pl m

thus adv

acc refl clt

strain 3sg pres I

156 (MM) Umhm, umhm

əmhm

bkch

əmhm

bkch

157 (a) [5:20] and then you cut it into slices. And after it’s strained they pour it [out]

and

acc refl clt

cut.up 3sg pres P

and

slice pl f

after adv

when conj

acc refl clt

strain 3sg pres P

pour 3pl pres I

158 (a) [5:25] [then] you slice it and it put it in jugs, and salt it,

acc refl clt

cut.up 3sg pres P

and

put 3sg pres I

acc refl clt

jug pl n def

salt 3sg pres I

acc n 3sg clt

159 (a) [5:27] in cans, in jugs –

can pl f

jug pl n

160 (MM) And the [liquid] that drains out of it?

and

this sg n adj

rel

acc refl clt

drain 3sg pres I

from

acc n 3sg

161 (a) [5:30] Oh, that’s whey. You boil it until it becomes curds.

disc

nom n 3sg

3sg pres cop clt

whey sg f

boil 3sg pres I

acc refl clt

and

curds sg f

162 (MM) Ah. So did you used to make butter?

and

O.K. adv

and

butter sg n

make 2pl impf I

interr clt

163 (a) [5:35] We did make it. And it – when – at one point –

disc

make 1pl impf I

and

and

acc n 3sg clt

there adv

for

when conj

one.time adv

hes

164 (a) [5:39] they would pour it into barrels made like this,

pour 3pl impf P

acc n 3sg clt

hes

barrel pl f

nom n 3sg

dat refl clt

hes

make sg n P.part P

thus adv

165 (a) [5:43] and there’s a mashing staff and we climb up like this on a board

and

one sg n adj

plunger sg n

and

acc refl clt

climb 1pl pres P

thus adv

one f sg adj

board sg f

166 (a) [5:46] and we pound and pound [until] we get butter.

and

pound 1pl pres I

there adv

and

pound 1pl pres I

and

knock.out 1pl pres P

butter sg n

167 (MM) But wasn’t there this sort of tall –

but

impf neg exist

interr clt

one sg n adj

such sg n adj

tall sg n adj

such sg n adj

168 (c) [5:52] Butter churn.

butàlka

churn sg f

буталка

169 (a) [5:52] Yes, that’s it! It’s connected there –

disc

this sg n adj

disc

thus adv

nom n 3sg

hang sg n P.part P

170 (d) [5:54] Butter churn.

butàlka

churn sg f

буталка

171 (e) [5:54] Butter churn.

butàlka

churn sg f

буталка

172 (MM) Churn, is that what it’s called?

churn sg f

interr clt

acc refl clt

say 3sg pres I

173 (a) [5:56] A churn, yes. But a churn is for hand-made [butter]. This one was –

churn sg f

but

churn sg f def

hand sg f

and

that sg n adj

3sg impf cop

174 (a) [5:59] we would beat in a big churn in the dairy farm when there was a lot of milk.

and

draw-well sg m

pound 1pl impf I

acc n 3sg clt

dairy.farm pl f def

when conj

3sg pres cop clt

much adv

milk sg n def

175 (MM) That’s right.

à

disc

taka

thus adv

176 (a) [6:02] That’s not possible. Is it possible to [take] five or six buckets of milk –

nom n 3sg

neg

can 3sg pres I

five

six

bucket pl n

milk sg n

can pres imprs

interr clt

177 (a) [6:05] and to churn it by hand and get cheese from it?

comp

acc n 3sg clt

pound 2sg pres I

nom 2sg

hand sg f

there adv

and

comp

acc n 3sg clt

то

sìriš

make.cheese 2sg pres I

сиря

178 (MM) Yes.

yes