Glavanovci 1

Glavanovci 1.new_.mp3

1 (AK) Did you bake bread from rye? From rye?

and

from

rye pl f

bread sg m

acc refl clt

bake 3sg impf I

interr clt

from

rye pl f

2 (VZh) From rye [wheat].

from

rye sg f

from

3 (AK) From rye [wheat].

from

от

rɤ̀š

rye sg f

ръж

4 (VZh) From what other – from what kind of flour did you bake bread?

from

what sg n interr

other sg n adj

from

what sg n interr

from

what sg n interr

flour sg n

hes

2pl pres aux clt

bake pl L.part I

bread sg m def

5 (b) [0:08] Other than –

osvèn

besides

освен

from

от

6 (a) [0:09] You can [make it] from wheat, or they ate [bread made] from spelt.

from

wheat acc sg f

can pres imprs

and

from

spelt sg m

dat m 3sg clt

[...]

3pl pres aux clt

съм

jàli

eat pl L.part I

ям

7 (a) [0:12] And we also ate bread from barley when there wasn’t –

and

from

barley sg m

1pl pres aux clt

hes

eat pl L.part I

bread sg m

when conj

neg

3sg pres aux clt

L.part exist

8 (a) [0:16] When there wasn’t enough wheat, or wasn’t [any].

when conj

neg

suffice 3sg pres I

wheat sg f def

and

pres neg exist

9 (b) [0:17] Our folk didn’t make it –

our pl def adj

neg

3pl pres aux clt

make pl L.part I

but

10 (a) [0:18] We had very little property, and often didn’t have enough wheat.

[...]

little adv

have 1pl impf I

property sg m

and

dat 1pl clt

neg

suffice 3sg impf I

much adv

wheat sg n def

11 (a) [0:23] But bread from barley is very dark. Very dark bread

disc

disc

from

barley sg m def

very adv

3sg pres cop clt

black sg m adj

very adv

3sg pres cop clt

black sg m adj

bread sg m def

12 (a) [0:26] It was tasty otherwise, but black. But spelt – It’s magnificent now.

tasty sg m adj

otherwise adv

but

black sg m adj

spelt sg m

but

now adv

3sg pres cop clt

magnificent sg n adj

13 (a) [0:31] As we read somewhere on spelt flour, but I can’t say [myself].

when conj

read 1sg pres P

somewhere adv

spelt sg n adj

flour sg n

and

neg

know 1sg pres I

how.much interr

14 (b) [0:35] Did you also make it from “tsarevitsa” (corn)?

and

from

corn f

interr clt

2pl pres aux clt

make pl L.part I

15 (a) [0:36] /cough/ From “tsarevitsa”, it was called “moruznitsa” (cornbread).

from

corn f

acc refl clt

say 3sg impf I

one sg n adj

cornbread sg f

16 (VZh) “Moruznitsa”, uh huh.

morùznica

cornbread sg f

морузница

əmhəm

bkch

17 (a) [0:40] When we mix in the pan with a bit of sugar it’s doughy,

pan acc sg f

when conj

acc n 3sg clt

knead 1pl pres P

with

little adv

sugar sg f

nom n 3sg

doughy sg n adj

18 (a) [0:44] but otherwise it bakes up sweet, and we eat it.

but

otherwise adv

and

sweet sg n adj

bake 3sg pres P

acc refl clt

and

acc refl clt

се

jadè

eat 3sg pres I

ям

19 (a) [0:47] What all we didn’t eat! /laughter/

what sg n interr

interr clt

neg

acc refl clt

3sg pres aux clt

eat sg n L.part I

20 (VZh) /laughter/

[...]

21 (a) [0:50] aside /laughter/ from polenta, aside from gruel and gruel from corn flour, from corn

except

polenta sg m

except

gruel sg m

and

gruel sg m

from

corn sg n adj

flour sg n

from

corn sg n adj

22 (a) [0:56] – well if it’s not from corn, then gruel from corn flour.

hort

comp

neg

3sg pres cop clt

hes

corn sg f

from

corn sg n adj

flour sg n

gruel sg m

23 (a) [0:59] We ate it! What else –

eat sg n L.part I

acc refl clt

what sg n interr

comp

acc refl clt

thus adv

24 (AK) And did you bake bread every day?

and

every sg m adj

day sg m

interr clt

acc refl clt

hes

bread sg m

bread sg m

acc refl clt

bake 3sg pres I

25 (a) [1:04] No, not every day. It depended on the household.

disc

3sg pres cop clt

each sg m adj

day sg m

hes

dependent adv

from

hes

household sg n def

26 (AK) For instance?

disc

naprìmer

for.example adv

например

27 (a) [1:10] In our home, my mother mixed up bread on Sunday.

hes

acc 1pl

hes

mother sg f

dat 1sg clt

knead 3sg impf I

Sunday acc sg f def

28 (a) [1:13] She baked three or four quickbreads at once,

once adv

bake 3sg pres P

three

four

quickbread pl f

29 (a) [1:15] in a baking dish, you know, she baked them at home.

interr

baking.dish acc sg f

house acc sg f

bake 3sg pres P

acc 3pl clt

30 (a) [1:19] It tastes the best on the first day, but after that it gets a bit harder.

first sg m def adj

day sg m

3sg pres cop clt

most

tasty sg m adj

but

after adv

acc refl clt

little adv

harden 3sg pres P

31 (a) [1:22] But if no – if it was Friday she mixed it up, then again on Friday.

but

pres neg exist

if conj

3sg pres cop clt

Friday sg m

knead sg f L.part I

again adv

Friday sg m

32 (a) [1:25] You can’t do it every day. People were economical!

neg

can pres imprs

each sg m adj

day sg m

make 3sg impf I

acc refl clt

economy sg f

33 (a) [1:27] Didn’t I say that we didn’t have a lot of property?

interr

this sg n adj

talk 1sg pres I

that conj

dat 1pl clt

neg

3sg impf cop

much adv

property sg m def

34 (a) [1:30] And now we wonder, [thinking back] to collective farm times,

and

now adv

acc refl clt

wonder 1pl pres I

[...]

economy sg n def

rel

35 (a) [1:34] some fields that I know I used to reap in aren’t there any more.

one pl adj

field pl f

acc 3pl clt

pres neg exist

where inter.rel

acc 3pl clt

nom 1sg

know 1sg pres I

where inter.rel

1sg pres aux clt

reap sg f L.part I

36 (a) [1:36] never mind that I was little, I went out to help Mom,

if conj

1sg pres aux clt

sg f L.part cop

little sg f adj

1sg pres aux clt

go sg f L.part P

comp

[...]

comp

help 1sg pres P

Mom acc sg f

37 (a) [1:39] But they’re gone, [who knows] where, or whether [Dad] had

but

acc 3pl clt

pres neg exist

where interr

what sg n interr adj

3sg pres cop clt

neg

3sg pres aux clt

interr clt

have sg m L.part I

38 (a) [1:41] documentation about them. I don’t know what happened.

document sg m

for

acc 3pl

neg

know 1sg pres I

what sg n interr

3sg pres aux clt

sg n L.part cop

39 (VZh) So that means –

and

disc

па

znàči

mean 3sg pres I

знача

40 (a) [1:45] So we reaped and reaped, we were ten years old

and

па

žn’e

[...]

and

reap 1pl pres I

and

reap 1pl pres I

if conj

1pl pres aux clt

pl L.part cop

ten

year pl f

41 (a) [1:49] when the collective farms came, or maybe we were 12 or 13. Was it in ’57?

when conj

become 3sg aor P

economy sg n def

two m

thirteen

interr clt

1pl impf cop

fifty

and

seventh sg f adj

interr clt

3sg impf cop

42 (a) [1:54] [Yes,] twelve or thirteen years old. And we reaped, they were happy with us,

two m

thirteen

year pl f

and

reap 1pl pres I

nom 3pl

dat 1pl clt

acc refl clt

rejoice 3pl pres I

rel

43 (a) [1:58] me and my sister. One wasn’t smaller than the other, we were

with

sister sg f

dat 1sg clt

pres neg exist

one f sg adj

little f sg adj

disc

1pl impf cop

44 (a) [2:00] very much alike: black hair, the same clothes. “Come on, twins, twins!”

very adv

equal pl adj

black pl adj

hair pl f

equal pl adj

clothing pl f

come pl imv P

twin pl f def

twin pl f def

45 (a) [2:06] They didn’t [call] us “bliznatsi” (twins) but “bizete” (twins). “Let the twins come

comp

comp

neg

dat 1pl clt

not

twin pl m

but

twin pl f def

comp

come 3pl pres P

twin pl f def

46 (a) [2:10] to reap for us.” We were kids, but we went, and were happy

comp

dat 1pl clt

reap 3pl pres P

nom 1pl

[...]

child pl n

but

go 1pl pres P

comp

rejoice 1pl pres I

acc refl clt

47 (a) [2:14] “I’ll give you twenty stotinki, I’ll give you a cube of sugar”

fut

dat 2sg clt

give 3sg pres P

twenty

stotinka pl f

fut

dat 2sg clt

give 3sg pres P

one sg n adj

sugar sg n

48 (a) [2:19] And Granny pulls it out of her bosom, tarnished, but /laughter/ you’re happy

from

bosom acc sg f

grandmother f

extract 3sg pres P

nom n 3sg

turn.yellow sg n L.part P

but

acc refl clt

rejoice 2sg pres P

49 (a) [2:23] that somebody’s given you something.

that conj

dat 2sg clt

3sg pres aux clt

give sg m L.part P

someone sg m

something sg n

50 (VZh) How do people line themselves up when they reap?

when conj

acc refl clt

reap 3sg pres I

how interr

acc refl clt

arrange 3pl pres I

this pl adj

where interr

disc

51 (a) [2:28] By handfuls, handfuls, the reaping maidens.

handful pl f def

interr clt

handful pl f def

interr clt

reaper pl f def

52 (VZh) How are reaping maidens [arranged]?

and

reaper pl f def

how interr

3pl pres cop clt

53 (a) [2:33] Well, the oldest.

disc

and

senior sg m adj

54 (VZh) Is there someone who’s up at the head?

pres exist

interr clt

some sg f adj

who sg f inter.rel adj

3sg pres cop clt

one sg f adj

ahead adv

55 (a) [2:34] The one with seniority. She doesn’t reap much, just marks out the reaping area

[...]

seniority sg f

thus adv

acc n 3sg clt

if conj

neg

reap 3sg pres I

nom f 3sg

only adv

direct.reaping 3sg pres I

прожънвам

56 (a) [2:38] There were no harvesters in the first years of the collective farms, you know,

interr

economy sg n def

exist impf neg

harvester pl m

first pl f def adj

year pl f

57 (a) [2:42] we reaped and reaped by hand, and she just directs the reaping on –

reap 1pl pres I

reap 1pl pres I

by.hand adv

and

nom f 3sg

dat refl clt

only adv

direct.reaping 3sg pres I

прожънвам

по

58 (a) [2:46] that’s called the reaping track, [the place] where we were.

this sg n adj

acc refl clt

say 3sg pres I

reaping.track sg f

where inter.rel

1pl pres cop clt

59 (VZh) Reaping track, where one needs to –

reaping.track sg f

interr clt

where inter.rel

must pres I imprs

one sg m adj

comp

acc n 3sg clt

disc

60 (b) [2:49] Where everyone lines up.

when conj

acc refl clt

arrange 3pl pres P

61 (a) [2:51] The way we were lined up when we set out to reap in a row.

where inter.rel

1pl pres aux clt

depart pl L.part P

comp

reap 1pl pres I

row sg m def

when conj

1pl pres aux clt

acc refl clt

arrange pl L.part P

62 (a) [2:55] We say, we’ll get through this reaping track and then we’ll rest.

this sg n adj

call 1pl pres I

comp

bring.in 1pl pres P

this sg f adj

reaping.track sg f

and

fut

rest 1pl pres I

63 (a) [2:58] She just keeps track enough so the line doesn't get crooked.

this sg f adj

dat refl clt

only adv

direct.reaping 3sg pres I

where inter.rel

3sg pres cop clt

comp

neg

acc n 3sg clt

bend 3sg pres P

64 (a) [3:02] [People say] she would marry a crooked man!

will sg f L.part

acc refl clt

marry 3sg pres I

for

crooked sg m adj

man sg m

65 (VZh) /laughter/

[...]

66 (a) [3:04] /laughter/And those of us at the ends [of the line] turn around a lot and get tired.

and

nom 1pl

especially adv

peripheral pl def adj

where inter.rel

acc refl clt

revolve 2sg pres I

and

acc refl clt

се

umòriš

tire 2sg pres P

уморя

67 (a) [3:10] “What tired you [all] out?” [she said]. “Well,” I say, “we stood here and got tired.

disc

from

what interr

acc refl clt

tire 2pl aor P

disc

adrs

call 1sg pres I

stand 1pl aor I

and

acc refl clt

tire 1pl aor P

68 (a) [3:14] You”, I say, “only mark out the track in front, but we [have to] turn

nom 2sg

call 1sg pres I

only adv

direct.reaping 2sg pres I

before adv

but

nom 1pl

revolve 1pl pres I

69 (a) [3:18] from the middle to the end the most. But one must only work and reap.

from

middle acc sg f def

end sg m def

most

most adv

but

only adv

comp

work 2sg pres I

reap 2sg pres I

70 (a) [3:22] We put handfuls behind us if there aren’t men to [help]; they go off to mow.

put 1pl pres I

handful pl f

after

acc 1pl

if conj

pres neg exist

man pl m

[...]

nom 3pl

go 3pl pres P

mowing acc sg f

71 (a) [3:26] Once we were tying [sheaves] and – a snake under the handfuls. So since I was

nom 1pl

tie 1pl pres I

once adv

disc

snake sg f

under

handful pl f

and

because adv

nom 1sg

1sg pres aux clt

sg f L.part cop

72 (a) [3:32] the most fearless, they called me to kill it. “So kill it!”

most

fearless sg f adj

acc 1sg

acc 1sg clt

call 3pl pres I

comp

beat 1sg pres I

and

beat pl imv I

73 (a) [3:35] Why do they call me? There were places where the hay remains ungathered,

why interr

acc 1sg

acc 1sg clt

call 3pl pres I

exist impf

location pl f

where inter.rel

disc

remain 3sg pres P

hay sg n

not.gather sg n P.part P

прибера

74 (a) [3:39] and the next day we’re sure to find a snake. And if there’s rain [on] the handfuls,

next.day adv

necessarily adv

fut

find pres P

snake acc sg f

what sg n rel

and

handful sg f

if conj

something sg n

dat 1pl clt

grasp 3sg pres P

rain sg m

75 (a) [3:45] and we can’t tie them off, then we find snakes underneath the handfuls

and

neg

can pres imprs

comp

acc 3pl clt

tie 1pl pres P

under

handful pl f def

find 1pl pres I

snake pl f

76 (a) [3:49] or in the wheat, but not now. It bit that [woman on the TV show] “Survivor”

wheat sg n def

now adv

pres neg exist

now adv

this sg f adj

survivor sg m

and

acc f 3sg clt

тя

kḷ̀cnula

bite sg f L.part P

клъцна

77 (a) [3:54] it scratched her and [she shouted], “Oh horrors! Noncho Vodeničarov died!”

and

та

acc f 3sg clt

тя

odraskàla

scratch sg f L.part P

and

excl

horror sg m

excl

die 3sg aor P

Nencho sg m name

Vodenicharov sg m name

Воденичаров

78 (a) [3:59] [He’s] one of the Bulgarian [actors] on “Survivor”, very good.

one sg m adj

survivor sg m

here adv

one sg m adj

very adv

good sg m adj

from

Bulgaria sg f place

79 (a) [4:02] And they let it go, there’s been no “Survivor” seven-eight years and now–

as.if adv

acc m 3sg clt

remove 3pl aor P

seven

eight

year pl f

aor neg exist

survivor sg m

now adv

again adv

nom f 3sg

3sg impf cop

80 (a) [4:07] He was a great actor, a great actor. But it bit her on a desert island.

very adv

strong sg f adj

player sg m

strong sg m adj

player sg m

but

acc f 3sg clt

desert sg m def adj

island sg m

bite 3sg aor P

81 (VZh) Uh huh.

əmhəm

bkch

82 (a) [4:15] And so. We suffered and worked and then made cruciforms from –

and

thus adv

1pl pres aux clt

torment pl L.part I

and

1pl pres aux clt

work pl L.part I

after adv

make 1pl pres I

cruciform pl m

from

hes

83 (a) [4:20] e carry them off and make cruciform of the sheaves

nom 1pl

carry 1pl pres P

acc refl clt

from

hes

from

sheaf pl m def

make 1pl pres P

cruciform pl m

84 (a) [4:26] We stack them up nicely so the wind won’t pull them apart when it blows.

place 1pl pres P

acc 3pl clt

nicely adv

comp

acc 3pl clt

wind sg m

neg

blow 3sg pres P

comp

acc 3pl clt

neg

knock.down 3sg pres P

съборя

85 (a) [4:30] And then they come by with carts or with trucks

and

after adv

pass 3pl pres I

with

cart sg f

interr clt

fut

3sg pres cop clt

with

truck pl m

interr clt

fut

86 (a) [4:34] to take them off to be threshed. And that’s how it went with harvest.

comp

drive 3pl pres P

comp

acc refl clt

thresh 3sg pres I

thus adv

3sg pres aux clt

sg n L.part cop

harvest sg f def

87 (VZh) What did you thresh with? Horses, oxen? At home?

threshing sg f

with

what sg n interr

with

horse pl m

with

at.home adv

with

ox pl m

and

88 (a) [4:43] Well, there was – they already began to – at home –

disc

exist impf

already adv

begin 3pl aor P

[...]

at.home adv

89 (b) [4:48] /unclear/

[...]

90 (a) [4:48] with oxen and with – with a “lesa” (wattle harrow)

with

ox pl m

and

with

[...]

sɤs

with

lesè

wattle.harrow sg n

леса

91 (VZh) Uh huh.

əhə

bkch

аха

92 (a) [4:49] From branches. /cough/ My father [took] two pieces of wood, slightly curved in front,

from

branch pl m

disc

father sg m

dat 1sg clt

3sg pres aux clt

two n

wood pl n

little adv

bend pl n P.part P

before adv

93 (a) [4:53] and made them curve [more]. Then from these hazelwood branches

put sg m L.part P

dat refl clt

acc 3pl clt

3sg pres aux clt

comp

acc refl clt

hes

bend 3sg pres P

and

from

hazelwood pl adj

branch pl m

94 (a) [4:58] he wove something to make a place for sitting,

3sg pres aux clt

knit sg m L.part P

comp

pres exist

rel

comp

go 3sg pres P

disc

for

sit def vbl.n I

95 (a) [5:01] for us kids to sit there, to add weight to make it [go] faster.

child pl n def

comp

sit 1pl pres I

there adv

comp

weigh 1pl pres I

comp

acc refl clt

fast adv

96 (a) [5:05] Whoever had horses would thresh with horses. There’s a pole, you tie a rope

and

who sg m inter.rel

have 3sg pres I

horse pl m

with

horse pl m

acc refl clt

thresh 3sg pres I

pillar sg m

tie 3sg pres P

acc refl clt

hes

rope sg n

97 (a) [5:11] and thresh with horses. We, with the oxen and the wattle harrow.

and

acc refl clt

with

horse pl m

thresh 3sg pres I

and

nom 1pl

with

ox pl m

and

with

wattle.harrow sg n

98 (a) [5:15] thresh, thresh, thresh, shake it twice, shake it three times,

thresh 1pl pres I

thresh 1pl pres I

thresh 1pl pres I

shake 1pl pres I

two m

time pl m

three

time pl m

shake 1pl pres I

99 (a) [5:20] to make it into straw, so the wheat will emerge, and then we begin,

comp

become 3sg pres P

straw acc sg f

comp

emerge 3sg pres P

wheat sg n def

and

begin 1pl pres P

and

[...]

100 (a) [5:24] we gather up the straw, take it to the loft, and start to sweep out

harvest 1pl pres P

straw acc sg f def

[…]

[...]

drive.in 1pl pres P

loft acc sg f

and

begin 1pl pres P

comp

sweep 1pl pres I

101 (a) [5:29] the wheat so we can winnow it, to make it /laughter/ so the chaff

wheat sg n def

and

comp

winnow 1pl pres I

comp

produce 1pl pres P

comp

produce 1pl pres P

chaff acc sg f def

102 (a) [5:34] is on one side and the wheat on the other. How much it –

from

one f sg adj

from

one acc sg f adj

side acc sg f

wheat sg n def

neg

know 1sg pres I

disc

adrs

how.much interr

3sg pres cop clt

103 (a) [5:38] It was really hard work, but – But it was happy.

very adv

3sg pres aux clt

sg m L.part cop

hard sg m adj

life sg m def

but

but

disc

3sg impf cop

joyful adv

104 (a) [5:41] Regardless of everything it was a happy [time]. We carry [it] to the barn

independently adv

from

everything sg n adj

3sg impf cop

3sg impf cop

joyful adv

go 1pl pres I

when conj

carry 1pl pres P

barn sg m

105 (a) [5:46] and pour off the wheat. We had a barn with sections for wheat, and barley

and

pour 1pl pres P

wheat sg n

have 1pl impf I

dat refl clt

barn sg m

with

section pl m

for

wheat sg n

for

barley sg m

106 (a) [5:50] and oats, and – well, we only sowed spelt once or twice

for

for

for

spelt sg m

1pl pres aux clt

only adv

once adv

two m

time pl m

interr clt

sow pl L.part I

107 (a) [5:54] so there wasn’t a section for it. Ah, and lentils! We sowed lentils.

neg

3sg pres aux clt

sg m L.part cop

section sg m

lentils acc sg f

1pl pres aux clt

dat refl clt

sow pl L.part I

lentils acc sg f

108 (a) [5:59] When it bears /laughter/, it grows high, and we pluck it.

kà

when conj

ка

naròdi

bear.abundantly 3sg pres P

[...]

but

emerge 3sg pres P

interr clt

tall sg f adj

and

acc f 3sg clt

pluck 1pl pres P

109 (a) [6:02] We pluck it, load it on the cart, take it to the threshing floor and pound it,

pluck 1pl pres I

load 1pl pres P

cart sg f def

drive 1pl pres P

threshing.floor sg n

and

acc f 3sg clt

pound 1pl pres P

110 (a) [6:07] winnow it, and [you’ve got] lentils! Ah, and we also gathered beans

winnow 1pl pres P

and

lentils sg f

beans sg m

again adv

beans sg m

1pl pres aux clt

dat refl clt

[...]

gather pl L.part I

111 (a) [6:11] with the cart, they don’t give much fruit – And we’d pound [them]

with

cart sg f

much adv

acc refl clt

neg

bear 3sg pres I

and

with

kolà

cart sg f

кола

čùkanemo

[...]

112 (a) [6:15] at the threshing floor with mother, and so. A lot of labor expended

threshing.floor sg n

with

mother acc sg f

and

thus adv

acc refl clt

much adv

labor sg m

acc refl clt

3sg pres aux clt

put sg m L.part I

113 (a) [6:21] and [a lot] got produced back then. Now we’re “specialized”!

and

acc refl clt

се

3sg pres aux clt

съм

proizveždàlo

produce sg n L.part I

this sg n adj

one sg n def adj

time sg n

now adv

1pl pres cop clt

very adv

special pl adj

114 (a) [6:25] Everything is /laughter/ readymade for us, but it’s expensive.

and

everything sg n adj

comp

dat 1pl clt

3sg pres cop clt

ready.made adv

but

dat 1pl clt

3sg pres cop clt

expensive adv

115 (a) [6:28] But – so what if it’s expensive.

[...]

hort

dat 1pl clt

3sg pres cop clt

expensive adv

116 (VZh) And what sort of area are lentils sown in?

and

lentils sg f

what sg n interr

place sg n

acc refl clt

sow 3sg pres I

117 (a) [6:34] entils and oats need it to be drier.

lentils sg f def

and

oats sg m def

want 3pl pres I

and

such sg n adj

dry sg n adj

118 (VZh) Drier.

dry sg n

119 (a) [6:37] n a drier place.

dry sg n

place sg n

120 (VZh) Drier.

по

sùvo

dry sg n

сух

121 (a) [6:39] Like that place over there, that rocky area.

ost

across.from adv

such sg n adj

rocky sg n adj

122 (VZh) Uh huh.

əmhəm

bkch

123 (a) [6:42] A place like that, for example. And oats are nice, but

for.example adv

locality sg f def

how inter.rel

3sg pres cop clt

and

oats sg m def

3sg pres cop clt

[...]

nice sg m adj

but

disc

124 (a) [6:47] they are even more particular [about] a nice place [to grow].

again adv

acc refl clt

want 3sg pres I

comp

3sg pres cop clt

nice sg n adj

place sg n

125 (a) [6:50] You can get one [plant], so you can hardly reap it properly.

can pres imprs

one sg m adj

comp

emerge 3sg pres P

and

barely adv

acc m 3sg clt

reap 2sg pres I

nicely adv

126 (a) [6:54] If it stops at twenty centimeters we need to pluck it if you can’t –

and

one sg n adj

depart sg n L.part P

and

twenty

centimeter ct m

and

all sg n adj

pluck 1pl pres I

if conj

neg

can pres imprs

127 (a) [6:57] if you can’t reap it. Our people want to have straw as well.

comp

neg

can pres imprs

acc m 3sg clt

reap 2sg pres P

nom n 3sg

want 3pl pres I

and

straw sg f

comp

pres exist

our pl def adj

128 (a) [7:01] because straw from oats is the nicest. But for barley straw, don’t be

because conj

oat sg f def adj

straw sg f

3sg pres cop clt

most

nice sg f adj

but

barley sg f def adj

comp

neg

2sg pres cop clt

129 (a) [7:04] on the threshing floor – you’ll itch in places you never thought of! /laughter/

на

gùvnoto

threshing.floor sg n def

fut

acc 2sg clt

itch 3sg pres P

and

where inter.rel

neg

2sg pres aux clt

think sg m L.part P

130 (VZh) /laughter/

[...]

131 (a) [7:08] Barley is awful!

excl

this sg n adj

3sg pres cop clt

very adv

frightening adv

barley sg m def

what sg n interr

comp

132 (a) [7:14] People had it hard. That was the situation, that’s how it is.

mɤčìl

endeavor sg m L.part I

acc refl clt

3sg pres aux clt

people sg m def

thus adv

3sg pres aux clt

sg n L.part cop

situation sg n def

thus adv

dat refl clt

3sg pres cop clt

Main menu

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Map

Participants

AK

VZh

b

a

Glavanovci 1

1 (AK) Did you bake bread from rye? From rye?

2 (VZh) From rye [wheat].

3 (AK) From rye [wheat].

4 (VZh) From what other – from what kind of flour did you bake bread?

5 (b) [0:08] Other than –

6 (a) [0:09] You can [make it] from wheat, or they ate [bread made] from spelt.

7 (a) [0:12] And we also ate bread from barley when there wasn’t –

8 (a) [0:16] When there wasn’t enough wheat, or wasn’t [any].

9 (b) [0:17] Our folk didn’t make it –

10 (a) [0:18] We had very little property, and often didn’t have enough wheat.

11 (a) [0:23] But bread from barley is very dark. Very dark bread

12 (a) [0:26] It was tasty otherwise, but black. But spelt – It’s magnificent now.

13 (a) [0:31] As we read somewhere on spelt flour, but I can’t say [myself].

14 (b) [0:35] Did you also make it from “tsarevitsa” (corn)?

15 (a) [0:36] /cough/ From “tsarevitsa”, it was called “moruznitsa” (cornbread).

16 (VZh) “Moruznitsa”, uh huh.

17 (a) [0:40] When we mix in the pan with a bit of sugar it’s doughy,

18 (a) [0:44] but otherwise it bakes up sweet, and we eat it.

19 (a) [0:47] What all we didn’t eat! /laughter/

20 (VZh) /laughter/

21 (a) [0:50] aside /laughter/ from polenta, aside from gruel and gruel from corn flour, from corn

22 (a) [0:56] – well if it’s not from corn, then gruel from corn flour.

23 (a) [0:59] We ate it! What else –

24 (AK) And did you bake bread every day?

25 (a) [1:04] No, not every day. It depended on the household.

26 (AK) For instance?

27 (a) [1:10] In our home, my mother mixed up bread on Sunday.

28 (a) [1:13] She baked three or four quickbreads at once,

29 (a) [1:15] in a baking dish, you know, she baked them at home.

30 (a) [1:19] It tastes the best on the first day, but after that it gets a bit harder.

31 (a) [1:22] But if no – if it was Friday she mixed it up, then again on Friday.

32 (a) [1:25] You can’t do it every day. People were economical!

33 (a) [1:27] Didn’t I say that we didn’t have a lot of property?

34 (a) [1:30] And now we wonder, [thinking back] to collective farm times,

35 (a) [1:34] some fields that I know I used to reap in aren’t there any more.

36 (a) [1:36] never mind that I was little, I went out to help Mom,

37 (a) [1:39] But they’re gone, [who knows] where, or whether [Dad] had

38 (a) [1:41] documentation about them. I don’t know what happened.

39 (VZh) So that means –

40 (a) [1:45] So we reaped and reaped, we were ten years old

41 (a) [1:49] when the collective farms came, or maybe we were 12 or 13. Was it in ’57?

42 (a) [1:54] [Yes,] twelve or thirteen years old. And we reaped, they were happy with us,

43 (a) [1:58] me and my sister. One wasn’t smaller than the other, we were

44 (a) [2:00] very much alike: black hair, the same clothes. “Come on, twins, twins!”

45 (a) [2:06] They didn’t [call] us “bliznatsi” (twins) but “bizete” (twins). “Let the twins come

46 (a) [2:10] to reap for us.” We were kids, but we went, and were happy

47 (a) [2:14] “I’ll give you twenty stotinki, I’ll give you a cube of sugar”

48 (a) [2:19] And Granny pulls it out of her bosom, tarnished, but /laughter/ you’re happy

49 (a) [2:23] that somebody’s given you something.

50 (VZh) How do people line themselves up when they reap?

51 (a) [2:28] By handfuls, handfuls, the reaping maidens.

52 (VZh) How are reaping maidens [arranged]?

53 (a) [2:33] Well, the oldest.

54 (VZh) Is there someone who’s up at the head?

55 (a) [2:34] The one with seniority. She doesn’t reap much, just marks out the reaping area

56 (a) [2:38] There were no harvesters in the first years of the collective farms, you know,

57 (a) [2:42] we reaped and reaped by hand, and she just directs the reaping on –

58 (a) [2:46] that’s called the reaping track, [the place] where we were.

59 (VZh) Reaping track, where one needs to –

60 (b) [2:49] Where everyone lines up.

61 (a) [2:51] The way we were lined up when we set out to reap in a row.

62 (a) [2:55] We say, we’ll get through this reaping track and then we’ll rest.

63 (a) [2:58] She just keeps track enough so the line doesn't get crooked.

64 (a) [3:02] [People say] she would marry a crooked man!

65 (VZh) /laughter/

66 (a) [3:04] /laughter/And those of us at the ends [of the line] turn around a lot and get tired.

67 (a) [3:10] “What tired you [all] out?” [she said]. “Well,” I say, “we stood here and got tired.

68 (a) [3:14] You”, I say, “only mark out the track in front, but we [have to] turn

69 (a) [3:18] from the middle to the end the most. But one must only work and reap.

70 (a) [3:22] We put handfuls behind us if there aren’t men to [help]; they go off to mow.

71 (a) [3:26] Once we were tying [sheaves] and – a snake under the handfuls. So since I was