Dolna Sekirna 2

bkch

7 (a) [0:20] and [those] were called “kulaks”.

and

acc refl clt

се

kàžu

say 3pl pres P

kulàci

kulak pl m

8 (VZh) [laughter]

9 (a) [0:23] Yes, they called them “kulaks”. But my father-in-law also

aha

disc

kulàci

kulak pl m

acc 3pl clt

say 3pl pres P

but

nom m 3sg

and

my sg m def adj

father.in.law sg m

10 (a) [0:25] didn’t want to sign on right off. Milen’s grandfather.

acc refl clt

not.want 3sg aor P

write 3sg pres I

immediately adv

grandfather sg m

Milen acc sg m name

11 (b) [0:30] Great – great –

pre

[...]

prèdèdo

great.grandfather sg m

pra

[ … ]

12 (a) [0:32] What?

disc

13 (b) [0:33] Great-grandfather.

pràd’àdo

great.grandfather sg m

14 (a) [0:33] OK. Well then, later he signed on. Time went on, and on,

and

fine adv

but

after adv

acc refl clt

write 3sg aor I

go.on 3sg aor I

time sg n

go.on 3sg aor I

and

svè

all adv

все

15 (a) [0:37] and he said “It would have been better if I’d signed on immediately.”

and

say 3sg aor P

and

nom n 3sg

sg n L.part cop

nice adv

comp

1sg pres aux clt

acc refl clt

write sg m L.part I

immediately adv

16 (VZh) Uh huh.

bkch

17 (a) [0:40] “Better [because] you’re not responsible for anything.”

nom n 3sg

nice adv

fut neg

comp

answer 2sg pres I

for

за

nìšto

nothing sg n

нищо

18 (a) [0:43] And when they set up the collective farm and [folk] signed on,

and

when conj

acc refl clt

make 3sg aor P

T.K.Z.S. sg n def

and

acc refl clt

се

pisàše

write 3pl aor I

19 (a) [0:47] they gave white bread to the ones who signed up.

nom 3pl

rel

3pl pres aux clt

acc refl clt

write pl L.part I

dat 3pl clt

acc refl clt

give 3sg impf I

white sg m adj

bread sg m

20 (VZh) Aha!

ahà

disc

21 (a) [0:53] There was a bakery, an enormous reading room, stores –

oven sg f

here adv

exist impf

dat refl clt

oven sg f

reading.room sg n

big sg n adj

store pl m def

22 (a) [0:58] You saw it in the village.

nom 2pl

2pl pres aux clt

see pl L.part P

village sg n

23 (VZh) Yes.

dà

yes

24 (a) [1:00] But we set up the reading room later. I worked at the reading room

but

after adv

acc n 3sg clt

make 1pl aor I

reading.room sg n def

читалище

на

čitàlišteto

reading.room sg n def

1sg pres aux clt

work sg f L.part I

25 (a) [1:05] twenty days, without pay, because they’d assigned ten days to my husband

twenty

day ct m

without

money pl.t

and

because conj

and

husband sg m def

dat 1sg clt

write 3pl pres I

ten

day ct m

26 (a) [1:10] and ten days to me. But he couldn’t work them all, since he worked in the mines,

acc 1sg

ten

nom m 3sg

neg

can 3sg pres I

acc 3pl clt

work 3sg pres P

work 3sg aor I

mine sg f def

27 (a) [1:15] so I had to work them [too]. Closer on they made the bakery.

and

nom 1sg

must pres I imprs

acc 3pl clt

work 1sg pres P

to.here prox adv

acc refl clt

oven sg f

make 3sg aor P

28 (a) [1:18] The bakery was in front of the reading room. We had a bakery in the village!

prèt

before

čitàlišteto

reading.room sg n def

oven sg f

3sg impf cop

have 1pl impf I

here adv

oven acc sg f

village sg n

29 (a) [1:24] And I worked twenty days there too. But now – who would work

and

acc f 3sg

twenty

day ct m

work 1sg aor I

and

now adv

who sg m interr adj

fut

dat 2sg clt

work 3sg pres I

30 (a) [1:28] without pay? You’d have to give someone a day’s wage!

without

money pl.t

and

comp

dat m 3sg clt

give 2sg pres I

ost

day’s.wage sg f def

comp

dat m 3sg clt

той

3sg pres cop clt

съм

31 (a) [1:34] But that’s how it is now, and that’s the right way. But back then –

but

thus adv

3sg pres cop clt

now adv

this sg n adj

dat refl clt

3sg pres cop clt

correct sg n adj

and

[...]

then adv

32 (a) [1:39] we worked without pay. And when the collective farm was formed

thus adv

1pl pres aux clt

work pl L.part I

without

money pl.t

after adv

T.K.Z.S. sg n def

when conj

acc refl clt

form 3sg aor I

33 (a) [1:43] I went along, we all went. As “Young Communists”, we went to the mine.

nom 1sg

1sg pres aux clt

go sg f L.part P

go pl L.part P

1pl pres aux clt

nom 1pl

young.communist pl m

mine sg f def

go 1pl aor P

34 (a) [1:49] We worked in the mine, in Pernik, on this – there –

and

work 1pl aor I

mine sg f def

Pernik sg m place

this sg n adj

and

ost

there adv

35 (a) [1:55] in the chutes. I remember now [how it was down] inside

chute pl m

one sg n adj

now adv

dat refl clt

acc m 3sg clt

recall 1sg pres I

inside adv

36 (a) [1:59] [where] they got the charcoal out of there.

acc refl clt

take.out 3sg pres I

charcoal sg m def

there adv

37 (VZh) [You mined] for charcoal?

на

k’umùr

charcoal sg m

кюмюр

38 (a) [2:02] Yes.

aha

yes

39 (VZh) Aha.

aha

disc

40 (a) [2:03] We young people went down to work in the charcoal mine, for free.

mine sg f def

charcoal sg m def

go 1pl aor P

comp

work 1pl pres I

gratis adv

youth pl m

41 (a) [2:07] Now, [I ask] you, who would do [such] work without pay? Nobody!

now adv

who sg m interr adj

fut

dat 2sg clt

work 3sg pres I

without

money pl.t

nobody sg m

42 (b) [2:18] [laughter]

43 (a) [2:11] That’s right. So during the formation and establishment of the collective farm,

disc

thus adv

3sg pres cop clt

and

[...]

while conj

acc refl clt

form 3sg aor I

T.K.Z.S. sg n def

while conj

acc refl clt

make 3sg aor P

44 (a) [2:16] what labor was seen, what struggle was seen, during that time.

while conj

what interr

acc refl clt

3sg pres aux clt

labor sg m

see sg n L.part P

what interr

acc refl clt

3sg pres aux clt

torment sg f

see sg n L.part P

45 (a) [2:21] And then they tore it down, plundered it. Tore it down. Some types came

later adv

acc n 3sg clt

scatter 3pl aor P

steal 3pl aor P

acc n 3sg clt

disc

scatter 3pl aor P

T.K.Z.S. sg n def

come 3pl aor P

some.kind pl adj

46 (a) [2:28] and destroyed and plundered everything. Some villages retain [some] structures,

hort

everything sg n adj

scatter 3pl aor P

steal 3pl aor P

one pl n adj

village pl n

dat refl clt

keep 3pl pres I

hes

postròjkete

structure pl f def

47 (a) [2:34] but here they wrecked it, they tore everything down. And we had built

but

here adv

acc 3pl clt

scatter 3pl aor P

everything sg n adj

scatter 3pl aor P

and

nom 1pl

1pl pres aux clt

acc n 3sg clt

make pl L.part I

48 (a) [2:38] an office up there in the collective farm. I had dragged [bags of] sand,

and

office acc sg f

here adv

make 1pl aor I

above adv

T.K.Z.S. sg n def

hes

drag sg f L.part I

1sg pres aux clt

sand sg m

49 (a) [2:43] we mixed cement by hand, to build nice stuff up there, but

hes

cement sg m

beat 1pl pres I

comp

make 1pl pres P

one f sg adj

prettiness sg f

make 1pl aor P

above adv

and

50 (a) [2:49] they destroyed it all. So there it is. Such are the times that have come.

scatter 3pl aor P

all adv

interr

thus adv

thus adv

come pl L.part.

such pl n adj

time pl n

51 (a) [2:55] I’ve seen all sorts [of eras]: bourgeoisie, communism, fascism,

nom 1sg

1sg pres aux clt

all.kind pl adj

see sg f L.part P

and

bourgeoisie sg f

and

kumunìzɤm

communism sg m

and

fašìzɤm

fascism sg m

52 (a) [3:00] and now democracy. I’ve seen it all.

and

now adv

democracy sg f

see 1sg aor P

all adv

53 (VZh) And did they have the D.Z.S. (state-owned farm) here?

and

here adv

D.Z.S. sg n

exist impf

interr clt

54 (a) [3:08] What?

kikò

what sg n interr adj

какво

55 (VZh) Some places they had something called T.K.Z.S. and some places had D.Z.S.

somewhere adv

3sg pres aux clt

L.part exist

and

call 3pl pres I

acc n 3sg clt

T.K.Z.S sg n

somewhere adv

D.Z.S. pl n

3pl pres aux clt

съм

praìli

make pl L.part I

правя

56 (VZh) [Something] state-owned, somewhere or other.

state sg n adj

where inter.rel

disc

somewhere adv

57 (a) [3:15] Ah, no.

disc

nè

не

58 (b) [3:16] Not here.

disc

here adv

59 (a) [3:16] We were the Sekirna T.K.Z.S., we became a branch of the Košarevo one.

nom 1pl

T.K.Z.S sg n

1pl impf cop

Sekirna sg f place

T.K.Z.S sg n

become 1pl aor P

branch sg n adj

economy sg n

with

hes

košarèvo

Kosharevo sg n place

Кошарево

60 (VZh) Uh huh.

bkch

61 (a) [3:23] And then later we went to Velkovtsi. They call it a branch collective.

and

after adv

go 1pl aor P

Velkovtsi pl m place

branch sg n adj

economy sg n

acc n 3sg clt

say 3pl impf P

62 (b) [3:27] A.P.K. (agrarian-industrial complex).

àpekà

A.P.K. sg n

63 (a) [3:29] And after Velkovci all the collective farms were joined in the Breznik A.P.K.

and

after adv

from

Velkovtsi pl m place

[...]

acc refl clt

unite 3pl aor P

all pl adj

T.K.Z.S. pl n

Breznik sg m place

A.P.K. sg n

64 (a) [3:26] The A.P.K. was set up, and later they destroyed it. They learned how to steal.

àpekà

A.P.K. sg n

stàde

become 3sg aor P

стана

and

acc n 3sg clt

after adv

scatter 3pl aor P

learn 3pl aor P

acc refl clt

comp

steal 3pl pres I

65 (a) [3:46] in the A.P.K. and the T.K.Z.S. At the beginning they didn’t allow stealing

àpekàto

A.P.K. sg n def

tekezèto

T.K.Z.S. sg n def

from

first sg n adj

neg

give 3pl pres I

comp

steal 2sg pres P

66 (a) [3:46] You couldn’t take [a blade of] grass from the collective farm. But later –

tràvu

grass acc sg f

neg

can pres imprs

comp

gather 2sg pres P

economy sg n

T.K.Z.S sg n

but

after adv

67 (VZh) Whoever didn’t know how – he learned too!

and

who sg m inter.rel

neg

know 3sg pres I

and

nom m 3sg

acc refl clt

learn 3sg aor P

68 (a) [3:53] Ah.

disc

after adv

после

acc n 3sg clt

то

rasturìše

scatter 3pl aor P

and

drag 3pl aor P

all adv

alive sg n adj

72 (a) [3:59] They plundered and carried off everything.

everything sg n adj

steal 3pl aor P

drag 3pl aor P

73 (VZh) Did young – young girls from here go off to Sofia to look after

and

here adv

go pl L.part I

interr clt

3pl pres aux clt

young pl adj

hes

girl pl n

Sofia acc sg f place

comp

glèdaju

look 3pl pres I

74 (VZh) rich – the kids of rich people? Or did that not happen here?

rich pl adj

and

rich.person pl m

kids pl.t def

from

here adv

neg

3pl pres aux clt

go pl L.part I

75 (a) [4:16] To go and what?

comp

go 3pl pres P

what interr

comp

acc 3pl clt

76 (VZh) To go to Sofia and look after children

comp

go 3pl pres P

Sofia acc sg f place

[...]

comp

look 3pl pres I

child pl n

comp

when conj

under

77 (a) [4:20] Yes, they did. My sister …

disc

go pl L.part P

3pl pres aux clt

disc

sister sg f

dat 1sg clt

78 (b) [4:23] [laughter]

79 (a) [4:23] … was a “momkinya” (servant girl) in Sofia …

sòviju

Sofia acc sg f place

3sg pres aux clt

sg f L.part cop

servant sg f

80 (b) [4:24] Calm down.

spokòjno

calm adv

81 (VZh) Ah.

disc

82 (a) [4:25] ... with some –

ednì

one pl adj

един

83 (b) [4:25] Calm down!

pò

по

spokòjno

calm adv

84 (VZh) Ah, you call that “servant girl”.

vìe

nom 2pl

вие

mòmkin’a

servant sg f

acc n 3sg clt

то

vìkate

call 2pl pres I

викам

85 (a) [4:27] “Servant girl”, yes. And he was an officer

mòmkin’a

servant sg f

disc

hes

this sg m adj

sg m L.part cop

officer sg m

86 (VZh) Ah.

bkch

87 (a) [4:31] She was at a rich man’s [home], he had two children. She’d say, “I get up

čorbadžìjutu

landownere acc sg m def

rel

3sg pres aux clt

sg f L.part cop

have sg m L.part I

two n

child pl n

nom f 3sg

arise 1sg pres I

say 3sg pres P

88 (a) [4:36] in the morning in the dark, I polish his boots and leave them

morning sg f

dark sg n adj

polish 1sg pres P

dat m 3sg clt

той

botùšite

boot pl m def

and

acc 3pl clt

те

ostàimᵊ

leave 1sg pres P

89 (a) [4:40] in front of the door, and he gets up and puts them on.”

there adv

before

door sg f def

nom m 3sg

arise 3sg pres P

interr clt

comp

acc refl clt

put.on 3sg pres P

90 (a) [4:43] But there wasn’t [running] water in the apartments then.

but

neg

3sg pres aux clt

L.part exist

apartment pl m def

water sg f

then adv

91 (VZh) Uh huh.

əhə

bkch

92 (b) [4:46] She was there a long time ago, she was born in 1922.

nom f 3sg

long.ago adv

3sg pres aux clt

sg f L.part cop

nom f 3sg

3sg pres cop clt

twenty

and

second sg f adj

year f sg

bear sg f P.part P

93 (a) [4:51] She was in Sofia for seven or eight years. And the water

seven

eight

year pl f

sg f L.part cop

when conj

3sg pres aux clt

sg f L.part cop

Sofia sg f place

and

water f def sg

94 (a) [4:55] was down in the cellar. “I wash everything down there and my feet

cellar sg n def

below adv

and

nom 1sg

say 3sg pres P

wash 1sg pres I

wash 1sg pres I

below adv

foot pl m def

dat 1sg clt

95 (a) [5:00] are freezing. My feet are freezing!” And she got sick after that,

zamṛ̀znu

freeze 3sg pres P

zamṛ̀znu

freeze 3sg pres P

dat 1sg clt

аз

krakàta

foot pl m def

крак

and

acc refl clt

fall.ill 3sg aor P

nom f 3sg

after adv

96 (a) [5:07] and barely came through alive; it’s why she didn’t have children.

hes

barely adv

alive sg f adj

remain 3sg aor P

and

therefore adv

and

child pl n

not.have 3sg aor I

disc

97 (a) [5:11] And this rich guy had two kids. “I polish his boots,” she said,

and

this sg m adj

two n

child pl n

have sg m L.part I

landowner sg m def

polish 3sg pres P

dat m 3sg clt

say 3sg pres P

boot pl m def

98 (a) [5:18] “then I take the kids to school, then I come back, and do the washing,

and

lead.away 1sg pres P

child pl n def

school sg n

and

acc refl clt

return 1sg pres P

and

comp

wash 1sg pres P

99 (a) [5:20] then the cooking.” All day she worked, for little money, and fell ill

comp

prepare 1sg pres P

entire sg m adj

day sg m

work sg f

and

for

how.much interr

money pl.t

and

acc refl clt

се

razbolè

fall.ill 3sg aor P

100 (a) [5:24] with tuberculosis. There was a hospital for tubercular cases in Trŭn,

from

от

tuberkolòza

tuberculosis sg f

and

Trŭn sg m place

exist impf

hospital sg f

for

such pl adj

for

за

tuberkolòzni

tubercular pl adj

101 (a) [5:31] but this rich guy took her to Kosharevo and left her there.

and

3sg pres aux clt

acc f 3sg clt

bring sg m L.part P

this sg m adj

landowner sg m def

Kosharevo sg n place

and

acc f 3sg clt

тя

ostavìl

leave sg m L.part P

102 (a) [5:35] But some good people in Kosharevo saw she was ill but she –

but

Kosharevo sg n place

one pl adj

good pl adj

people pl

see pl L.part P

that conj

3sg pres cop clt

sick sg f adj

but

nom f 3sg

103 (a) [5:41] “I don’t know what” – didn’t trust [them]. But they had called a doctor

neg

know 1sg pres I

what sg n interr adj

neg

neg

believe 3sg pres I

and

3pl impf aux

doctor sg m

interr clt

ли

izvikàli

call pl L.part P

104 (a) [5:47] and sent her to Trŭn.

and

acc f 3sg clt

send pl L.part P

Trŭn sg m place

105 (VZh) Hm.

həm

bkch

106 (a) [5:49] There was the tubercular hospital there; she went there, they treated her,

there adv

L.part exist

3sg pres aux clt

tubercular sg f adj

hospital sg f

and

there adv

go 3sg aor P

and

acc 3pl clt

cure 3pl aor P

107 (a) [5:54] and she got well. That’s how it was. Servants? Who’ll care for you?

and

recover 3sg aor P

after adv

thus adv

3sg pres aux clt

sg n L.part cop

servant pl m

who sg m interr adj

acc 2sg clt

look 3sg pres I

108 (a) [ 5:59] Servants, we call them. Who’ll care about you?

momɤ̀g

servant sg m

acc m 3sg clt

say 1pl pres P

who sg m interr adj

acc 2sg clt

look 3sg pres I

109 (a) [6:02] But I lived with good people, and worked [for them] in Padine.

and

nom 1sg

one pl adj

good pl adj

people pl

live 1sg aor I

work 1sg aor I

Padine sg n place

110 (VZh) Hm.

əm

bkch

111 (a) [6:07] And after that I went to [others] in Eremiya, [working] up St. Elias’s day,

and

one pl adj

after adv

go 1sg aor P

from

Eremiya acc sg f place

and

до

ilìndɤn

St.Elias’s.day sg m

3sg pres cop clt

съм

112 (a) [6:13] half the summer. Six months to St. Dimitri’s day

polovìn

half sg f

hes

tikòvo

such sg n adj

такъв

letòto

summer sg n def

and

до

mìtrovdɤn

St.Dimitri’s.day sg m

for

six

month ct m

113 (a) [6:19] and three to St. Elias’s day. [For] three months with these [folk],

St.Elias’s.day sg m

three

and

sit 1sg aor I

there adv

three

month ct m

this pl adj

114 (a) [6:23] I pastured their sheep, cows, cattle, and this rich woman made a “zelnik” (pie).

pàso

pasture 1sg aor I

dat 3pl clt

sheep pl f

cow pl f

cattle pl n

and

hes

this sg f adj

landowner sg f def

knead 3sg aor P

pastry.with.greens sg m

зелник

115 (a) [6:31] And oh, I wanted so much to eat it, you know –

and

acc 1sg

dat 1sg clt

acc refl clt

eat 3sg pres I

eat 3sg pres I

eat 3sg pres I

and

know 3sg pres I

interr clt

acc refl clt

116 (a) [6:34] Do you know what “zelnik” is?

and

zèlnik

pastry.with.greens sg m

зелник

znàeti

know 2pl pres I

interr clt

what interr

3sg pres cop clt

117 (VZh) Hm.

əm

bkch

118 (a) [6:36] Greens in the middle [of it]. So we sit down, she has two sons

amid

hes

cabbage sg n

and

nom f 3sg

sit 1pl pres P

two m an.num

son ct m

have 3sg pres I

119 (b) [6:41] Show [him].

pòkaži

show sg imv P

покажа

120 (a) [6:42] And we sit, she and her husband, and she breaks off some bread

and

mužɤ̀t

husband sg m def

мъж

voj

dat f 3sg clt

and

onà

nom f 3sg

она

sèdnemo

sit 1pl pres P

and

nom f 3sg

break 3sg pres P

bread sg m

121 (a) [6:45] (and says), “Dip it in the ‘zele’ (cabbage)”, but I don’t like that

tè

ost

те

tòpi

dip sg imv P

dat refl clt

си

from

от

zel’èto

cabbage sg n def

and

nom 1sg

then adv

neg

like 1sg pres I

122 (a) [6:48] I don’t like to see that. But I’ll eat it.

neg

не

sàkam

want 1sg pres I

comp

acc n 3sg clt

see 1sg pres P

but

will 1sg pres

eat 1sg pres I

123 (a) [6:50] But for her sons she slices up the pie [and says]

and

на

sinovète

son pl m def

from

от

zèlnikɤt

pastry.with.greens sg m def

odrèže

cut.off 3sg pres P

отрежа

124 (a) [6:54] “Here’s for you” to the one son and “here’s for you” to the other son.

ost

dat 2sg clt

one sg m def adj

son sg m

ost

dat 2sg clt

other sg m def adj

son sg m

125 (a) [6:57] She cuts slices for them, but gives me bread to dip in the “zele”.

and

n’im

dat 3pl

dat refl clt

cut.off 3sg pres P

and

acc 1sg

bread sg m

dat 1sg clt

put 3sg pres P

with

cabbage sg n def

comp

tòpim

dip 1sg pres P

126 (a) [7:01] But I’m a servant, so that –

but

nom 1sg

1sg pres cop clt

servant sg m

thus adv

that conj

127 (VZh) Hm.

bkch

128 (b) [7:03] But tell them what “zele” means here, it’s not real “zele” (= cabbage).

but

cabbage sg n def

say sg imv P

what sg n interr

mean 3sg pres I

this sg n adj

neg

3sg pres cop clt

cabbage sg n

true sg n adj

129 (a) [7:08] What?

disc

130 (VZh) It’s something sour.

but

ftasàlo

sour sg n L.part P

takòva

such sg n adj

такъв

131 (b) [7:11] “Lapad” (sorrel).

and

làpat

sorrel sg m

132 (VZh) Ah, uh, “shtavel” (sorrel)

disc

from

[...]

[...]

sorrel sg m

133 (a) [7:16] Sorrel.

štàfel’

sorrel sg m

134 (b) [7:16] Sorrel.

štàfel’

sorrel sg m

135 (VZh) Aha,

ahà

bkch

136 (a) [717] Yes, yes, yes, yes. Sorrel. They gather it and make [pie from it].

yes

yes

yes

yes

sorrel sg m

disc

gather 3sg pres P

and

napràvi

make 3sg pres P

направя

137 (a) [7:20] And so it was, and I stayed –

and

thus adv

3sg pres aux clt

sg n L.part cop

and

sit 3sg aor I

138 (c) [7:21] Oof, who struck you?

disc

ùx

excl

disc

who sg m interr adj

acc 2sg clt

3sg pres aux clt

beat sg m L.part I

139 (a) [7:24] What’s he saying? I’ll make you –

what interr

say 3sg pres P

drive 1sg pres I

acc 2sg clt

140 (a) [7:25] I stayed till St. Elias’s day and they didn’t give me a penny.

hes

sedè

sit 1sg aor I

до

ilìndɤn

St.Elias’s.day sg m

and

dat 1sg clt

neg

give 3pl aor P

one f sg adj

stotinka sg f

141 (VZh) Uh huh

bkch

142 (a) [7:31] Not a single penny did they pay me. And then –

ednà

one f sg adj

един

stotìnka

stotinka sg f

neg

3pl pres aux clt

dat 1sg clt

pay pl L.part P

nom 3pl

thus adv

and

after adv

143 (b) [7:36] Later.

late adv

144 (a) [7:37] They died, but –

izmrèše

die 3pl aor P

ama

but

ама

145 (b) [7:38] [laughter]

146 (VZh) Ah.

ə:

147 (a) [7:39] The Lord renders back what [is due].

nom n 3sg

lord sg m

deliver 3sg pres I

148 (VZh) That’s right.

and

tekà

thus adv

така

149 (a) [7:41] Ah.