Vladimir Zhobov
Pavelsko 2
Commentary on the text:
When the investigator’s words are transcribed in brackets, it means they do not appear on the audio but are rather reconstructed to recreate the sense of the original conversation. These words appear in English translation only in Glossed View, in both English and Bulgarian in Line View, and in Bulgarian only in Cyrillic Line View
1 (a) [0:01] “Chŭsto (thick)” milk (= yogurt).
| thick sg n adj | milk sg n |
2 (VZh) [0:02] So tell me how you make it.
| hort | comp | acc 1sg clt | tell 2sg pres P | how interr | acc n 3sg clt | make 2sg pres I |
3 (a) [0:04] Well, for yogurt [first] we’ll milk the cow, [then] we’ll boil the milk
| well | thick sg n def dist adj | milk sg n | fut | milk 1pl pres P | cow sg f def med | fut | boil 1pl pres P | milk sg n def med |
4 (a) [0:09] and when it cools a little, we’ll put it in a pot or something
| and | comp | cool 3sg pres P | little adv | and | fut | acc n 3sg clt | put 1pl pres P | in | one sg f adj | pot sg f | interr clt |
5 (a) [0:13] in the old days we used to put it in earthenware jugs –
| one sg n adj | time sg n | acc n 3sg clt | put 1pl impf I | in | jar pl n |
6 (a) [0:15] So we put it in [the pot] and we add starter start to it. That’s from
| and | acc n 3sg clt | put 1pl pres P | and | dat n 3sg clt | put 1pl pres P | starter sg m | dat n 3sg clt | put 1pl pres P | from | hes |
7 (a) [0:21] another [batch] of yogurt. So we put in a spoonful of starter, and it ferments.
| other sg n adj | thick sg n adj | milk sg n | dat n 3sg clt | put 1pl pres P | one sg f adj | spoon sg f | starter sg m | and | acc refl clt | ferment 3sg pres I |
8 (VZh) [0:26] [And that’s the kind of milk you call “chŭsto (thick)”?]
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9 (a) [0:26] "Chǔsto”, yes chŭsto. Ah, I said “gŭsto” [by mistake]! [laughter]
| thick sg n adj | disc | thick sg n adj | excl | acc n 3sg clt | say 1sg aor P | thick sg n adj |
10 (VZh) How do you shear sheep ?
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11 (a) [0:31] Well, we shear the sheep together, men and women.
| well | and | woman pl f | and | man pl m | shear 1pl pres P | sheep pl def med | hes |
12 (a) [0:32] They go off with the shepherds – the sheep [that is], and we’ll go up to the sheepfold,
| nom 3pl | go 3pl impf I | with | shepherd pl m | sheep pl f def dist | and | fut | go 1pl pres P | above adv | to | sheepfold sg f def med |
13 (a) [0:37] We’ve got one up [in the hills]. Up where it’s meadow-like there were sheepfolds
| have 1pl pres I | dat refl clt | above adv | hes | thus med adv | like | meadow pl f | exist impf | sheepfold pl f |
14 (a) [0:43] So we go [together], men and women, and shear [them]. One holds, the other shears
| go 1pl pres P | with | man pl m def med | woman pl f | and | shear 1pl pres I | one sg m def dist adj | hold 3sg pres I | other sg m def dist adj | shear 3sg pres I |
15 (b) [0:48] [unintelligible]
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16 (a) [0:49] Well [of course] we hobble the sheep!
| well | hobble 1pl pres I | acc 3pl clt | sheep pl f def med |
17 (b) [0:49] You’ll shear the stomach first, you know.
| and | adrs | first adv | fut | acc f 3sg clt | shear 3sg pres P | stomach sg m def |
18 (a) [0:52] We catch them – we catch them and shear the stomach. And then we grab them by
| catch 1pl pres I | dat 3pl clt | catch 1pl pres I | dat 3pl clt |
[...]
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hes | shear 1pl pres P | stomach sg m def med | and | after adv | dat 3pl clt | catch 1pl pres I |
19 (a) [0:58] all four legs and tie them up with a rope, and – and
| four def med adj | leg pl f | and | acc 3pl clt | tie 1pl pres I | with | one sg f adj | rope sg f | and | and |
20 (a) [1:03] begin the shearing. That’s what we call “hobbling” [them],
| begin 1pl pres I | comp | shear 1pl pres I | and | this sg n med adj | acc n 3sg clt | call 1pl pres I | hobble 1pl pres P |
21 (b) [1:07] Yes.
| yes |
22 (a) [1:07] the sheep.
| sheep pl f def med |
23 (VZh) [And what do you plant in the fields?]
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24 (a) [1:09] Well, now we plant potatoes. We plant corn, we plant beans.
| disc | now adv | sow 1pl pres I | potato sg n | sow 1pl pres I | corn sg m | sow 1pl pres I | beans sg m |
25 (a) [1:17] Hm, what else? [Ah] we plant onions, we plant pumpkins – we plant everything!
| hes | other sg n adj | onion sg m | sow 1pl pres I | pumpkin pl f | sow 1pl pres I | everything sg n adj | sow 1pl pres I |
26 (VZh) [And there’s also this thing that’s a little like beans –?]
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27 (b) [1:23] What [would that be]? It would have to be beans.
| which sg n interr | beans sg m | must pres I imprs | comp | 3sg pres cop clt |
28 (VZh) No –
| no |
29 (a) [1:25] Ah, peas!
| peas sg m |
30 (b) [1:25] Peas.
| peas sg m |
31 (a) [1:25] Isn’t it peas?
| peas sg m | comp | neg | 3sg pres cop clt |
32 (VZh) [1:27] You eat it during Lent.
| on | fast pl m def med | acc refl clt | eat 3sg pres I |
33 (b) [1:28] It could be beans, what else [is there]?
| can pres imprs | comp | 3sg pres cop clt | beans sg m | what sg n interr | other sg n adj |
34 (VZh) [1:30] Aren’t there lentils [around here]?
| lentils sg f | pres neg exist | interr clt |
35 (a) [1:31] Oh, lentils!
| excl | lentils sg f |
36 (b) [1:32] But that’s not in –
| but | neg | 3sg pres cop clt | in |
37 (a) [unintelligible]
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38 (b) [1:34] We plant that in the spring.
| spring sg f | acc f 3sg clt | sow 1pl pres I |
39 (a) [1:34] We plant lentils now in March and April. And when they’re ready,
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[...]
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lentils sg f def med | acc f 3sg clt | sow 1pl pres I | now adv | in | March sg m | in | April sg m | and | when rel | become 3sg pres P |
40 (a) [1:39] we harvest them. We go harvest them, and pile them on cone-shaped structures.
| pull 1pl pres P | acc f 3sg clt | go 1pl pres I | and | acc f 3sg clt | pull 1pl pres P | and | acc f 3sg clt | put 1pl pres P | to | cradle pl m |
41 (a) [1:45] We put some here, we put some there, so it becomes what we call a pile.
| from.here adv | put 1pl pres I | and | from.there adv | put 1pl pres I | and | become 3sg pres P | to | pile sg f | acc m 3sg clt | call 1pl pres I |
42 (a) [1:49] And when it dries we thresh it. We thresh it with mules.
| and | when conj | dry 3sg pres P | also | nom 1pl | acc f 3sg clt | thresh 1pl pres I | thresh 1pl pres I | acc f 3sg clt | with | hes | mule pl n def dist |
43 (VZh) [So how do you call that plant?]
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44 (a) [1:56] Lentils.
| and | lentils sg f |
45 (VZh) Yes.
| yes |
46 (b) [1:58] [unintelligible]
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47 (a) [2:00] So these – lentils get planted in the spring, and are just harvested,
| disc | disc | lentils sg f def med | acc refl clt | sow 3sg pres I | spring sg n adj | time sg n | and | only adv | acc refl clt | pull 3sg pres I | and |
48 (a) [2:06] and then threshed afterwards. But beans – well, we hoe those.
| and | after adv | acc refl clt | thresh 3sg pres I | but | beans sg m def med | acc m 3sg clt | acc m 3sg clt | [...] | dig 1pl pres I |
49 (a) [2:11] We hoe them.
| hoe 1pl pres I | acc m 3sg clt |
50 (VZh) [Which one is easier to grow?]
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51 (a) [2:13] Well, beans are easier.
| disc | beans sg m def prox | 3sg pres cop clt | more | easily adv |
52 (a) [2:15] We plant it, go out and hoe it, and then harvest it in the autumn,
| sow 1pl pres I | acc m 3sg clt | go 1pl pres P | dig 1pl pres P | acc m 3sg clt | autumn sg n adj | time sg n | acc m 3sg clt | pull 1pl pres P |
53 (a) [2:18] and pound it. But lentils have to be threshed. Lentils are more difficult.
| pound 1pl pres P | acc m 3sg clt | but | lentils sg f def med | must pres I imprs | comp | acc f 3sg clt | thresh 1pl pres I | more | hard adv | 3sg pres cop clt | lentils sg f def med |
54 (b) [unintelligible]
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